The European climate during the Holocene period is characterised by frequent changes of temperature and precipitation. The North Atlantic plays a major role as a driver for European climate and is a dominant precipitation source, particularly for the western European and north African realm. Atmospheric pressure gradients over the Atlantic (North Atlantic Oscillation, NAO), Atlantic circulation patterns (Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation, AMO) or positioning of the Atlantic jet stream have been suggested to be responsible for precipitation patterns across western Europe. However, proxy data provide an inconsistent picture on how precipitation responds to changes in the Atlantic realm such as changes of Atlantic temperature (IRD), atmospheric pressure (NAO), water circulation (AMO) or the jet stream. Here we present a record of speleothem-based winter precipitation amount from Portugal. The record covers most of the Holocene and demonstrates that wetter conditions were synchronous in western and southern Iberia during early and mid Holocene. The record also shows a correlation between increased winter precipitation amount in western Iberia and Atlantic cooling, evidenced by Bond events, between 10 and 4 ka.

全新世时期的欧洲气候特征是温度和降水频繁变化。北大西洋在推动欧洲气候方面发挥着重要作用，并且是主要的降水来源，特别是在西欧和北非地区。已提出大西洋上的大气压力梯度（北大西洋涛动，NAO），大西洋环流模式（大西洋多十年涛动，AMO）或大西洋急流的位置是造成整个西欧降水模式的原因。但是，代理数据对降水如何响应大西洋领域的变化（如大西洋温度（IRD），大气压（NAO），水循环（AMO）或射流）的变化提供了不一致的描述。在这里，我们介绍了一个基于speleothem的葡萄牙冬季降水量的记录。该记录涵盖了全新世的大部分，并表明在全新世早期和中期，伊比利亚西部和南部的湿润条件是同步的。该记录还显示，伊比利亚西部的冬季降水量增加与大西洋降温之间存在相关性，这在10到4 ka之间由邦德事件证明。