As a major component of electrical wiring interconnection systems (EWISs), aircraft electrical connectors are used for the transmission of electrical signals and electrical connection between electrical equipments. It is known that electrical contact failure is the primary failure mode of connectors. Contact resistance often presents a transient characteristic that is difficult to reflect the degradation comprehensively. The electrical contact failure mechanism of connectors is studied in this article. In order to evaluate and quantify the electrical contact failure state, a high-frequency contact impedance model is established to represent the relationship between microphysical characteristics and electrical parameters. Furthermore, the influence of surface roughness and corrosion degree on the high-frequency contact impedance model is investigated by finite-element simulation and accelerated degradation experiment. The trends of contact impedance at high frequency are compared with that of contact resistance at dc condition under the circumstances of different degradation degrees. Finally, the variation law of contact impedance at high frequency is revealed, which can provide the theoretical basis for performance degradation assessment, service life prediction, and reliability evaluation for electrical connectors.

中文翻译：

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基于高频阻抗模型的电接触故障评估方法

飞机电气连接器作为电气布线互连系统（EWIS）的主要组成部分，用于电气信号的传输和电气设备之间的电气连接。众所周知，电接触故障是连接器的主要故障模式。接触电阻通常表现出瞬态特性，难以全面反映退化。本文研究了连接器的电接触故障机理。为了评估和量化电接触故障状态，建立了高频接触阻抗模型来表示微物理特性和电参数之间的关系。此外，通过有限元模拟和加速降解实验研究了表面粗糙度和腐蚀程度对高频接触阻抗模型的影响。在退化程度不同的情况下，将高频下的接触阻抗趋势与直流条件下的接触电阻趋势进行了比较。最后揭示了高频下接触阻抗的变化规律，可为电连接器的性能下降评估，使用寿命预测和可靠性评估提供理论依据。