In this study, an energy spectrum (ES) algorithm is proposed to retrieve wind direction from X -band marine radar image sequences. This algorithm is based on utilizing the occlusion area zero-pixel percentage to distinguish rain-free and rain-contaminated radar data. And then the rain-contaminated images are detected and discarded. The effect of radar radial attenuation in radar image sequences is modified by the piecewise fitting technique. Wind direction is determined from rain-free and radial correction data, based on the ES of small-scale wind streaks. The ES of small-scale wind streaks is obtained by establishing an ES scale separation filter. Based on the wind streak characteristics, a 2-D fast Fourier transform is used to obtain the ES of radar images. The wind streak characteristics are derived from the distribution of the azimuth normalization radar cross section. The proposed algorithm is tested using data collected from X -band radar images and in situ anemometer data from the coast of the East China Sea. Compared with the anemometer data, after using the proposed algorithm, the root-mean-square difference for wind direction is 12.13°, which is an acceptable result for engineering application.

中文翻译：

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一种从中提取风向的能量谱算法 X波段海洋雷达图像序列

在这项研究中，提出了一种能谱（ES）算法来检索风向 X 波段海洋雷达图像序列。该算法基于利用遮挡区域零像素百分比来区分无雨和受雨水污染的雷达数据。然后，检测并丢弃雨水污染的图像。通过分段拟合技术可以修改雷达图像序列中雷达径向衰减的影响。根据小规模风条纹的ES，根据无雨和径向校正数据确定风向。小规模风条纹的ES是通过建立ES尺度分离滤波器获得的。基于风条纹特征，使用二维快速傅里叶变换获得雷达图像的ES。风条纹特征是从方位角归一化雷达横截面的分布得出的。使用从X 波段雷达图像和 原位东海沿岸的风速计数据。与风速仪数据相比，使用该算法后，风向的均方根差为12.13°，为工程应用提供了可接受的结果。