Abstract

Mobile Raman and XRF systems are particularly suitable for the study of cultural heritage objects, allowing in situ, nondestructive analysis on a large variety of materials. Nowadays, thanks to technological developments, the size of the new generation of mobile instruments is reduced. Moreover, operation of the instrumentation is straightforward, as most instrumental settings and data interpretation are automated. However, automated data processing should be evaluated carefully and the risks of incorrect data collection and/or interpretation must be considered and prevented. Therefore, the aim of this research is to start a discussion about some of the challenging aspects and pitfalls, which can be encountered when using mobile techniques. Data collection and interpretation are examined when dealing with works of art. Those aspects are highlighted based on a measuring campaign carried out in Tuscany (Italy) in three different contexts: an archaeological excavation in the Late Roman Villa dell’Oratorio (Capraia-Limite sull’Arno, Florence), the analysis of a mosaic at the façade of the Pisa Cathedral and studies inside the Museo dell’Opera del Duomo (Pisa), where some outdoor statues are exhibited. Measurements were acquired with two state-of-the-art mobile Raman and one handheld X-Ray fluorescence (XRF) systems.

Graphic abstract

中文翻译：

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在意大利托斯卡纳的文化遗产物体上使用移动拉曼和XRF系统的优势和陷阱

摘要

移动拉曼和XRF系统特别适合于研究文化遗产物体，从而可以对多种材料进行原位无损分析。如今，由于技术的发展，新一代移动设备的尺寸得以减小。此外，仪器的操作非常简单，因为大多数仪器设置和数据解释都是自动化的。但是，应仔细评估自动化数据处理，并且必须考虑和防止错误数据收集和/或解释的风险。因此，本研究的目的是开始讨论使用移动技术时可能遇到的一些具有挑战性的方面和陷阱。在处理艺术品时，会检查数据的收集和解释。根据在意大利托斯卡纳进行的一次测量运动，在以下三种不同背景下对这些方面进行了强调：在已故罗马别墅德拉奥托里奥（Capraia-Limite sull'Arno，佛罗伦萨）进行的考古发掘，对佛罗伦萨的马赛克进行了分析。比萨大教堂的正面，并在大教堂大剧院（比萨）内进行研究，并展出一些户外雕像。测量值是由两个最先进的移动拉曼光谱仪和一个手持式X射线荧光（XRF）系统。

图形摘要