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Assessment of soybean test weight among genotypes, environments, agronomic and seed compositional traits
Agronomy Journal ( IF 2.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-26 , DOI: 10.1002/agj2.20665
Brant T. McNeece 1 , Jay H. Gillenwater 2 , Zenglu Li 3 , M.A. Rouf Mian 1, 2
Affiliation  

The value of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] depends on quantity (yield) and quality, such as seed composition and test weight (TW). Test weight is a bulk density measurement for grain quality evaluation, and higher TW grains are preferred for storage, transport, and export. Thus, soybean breeding should focus on improvement of TW. The objectives of this study were to determine genotypic and environmental effects on TW of soybean and explore relationships of TW with yield, maturity, 100 seed weight (SDWT), seed quality (SQ), seed oil concentration (SOC), and seed protein concentration (SPC). Three sets of breeding populations (BPs), two mapping populations (MPs), and five different high vs. low seed protein near-isogenic lines populations (NILPs) were used. The BPs and MPs had an average range of 3.5 kg hectoliter (hL)–1 in TW among genotypes. The average ranges of TW in the NILPs were equal for both low protein (LP) and high protein (HP) lines (2.7 kg hL–1). Broad-sense heritability estimates for TW ranged from .62 to .95. The genotypic and G × E effects on TW were significant in all trials. The SDWT, SQ, SOC, and SPC had strong significant relationships with TW in multiple trials, but were inconsistent overall. Test weight of NILPs differing by presence of ‘Danbaekkong’ high protein allele on chromosome 20 had mostly significant positive and negative relationships with SPC and SOC, respectively.

中文翻译:

在基因型、环境、农艺和种子组成性状中评估大豆测试重量

大豆的价值 [甘氨酸最大值(L.) Merr.] 取决于数量(产量)和质量,例如种子成分和测试重量 (TW)。测试重量是用于评估谷物质量的堆积密度测量值,较高 TW 的谷物更适合储存、运输和出口。因此,大豆育种应侧重于 TW 的改良。本研究的目的是确定基因型和环境对大豆 TW 的影响,并探讨 TW 与产量、成熟度、百粒重 (SDWT)、种子质量 (SQ)、种子油浓度 (SOC) 和种子蛋白质浓度的关系(SPC)。使用了三组育种种群 (BP)、两个作图种群 (MP) 和五个不同的高与低种子蛋白近等基因系种群 (NILP)。BP 和 MP 的平均范围为 3.5 kg 百升 (hL) –1在 TW 中的基因型。对于低蛋白 (LP) 和高蛋白 (HP) 品系(2.7 kg hL –1),NILP 中 TW 的平均范围相等。TW 的广义遗传力估计值为 0.62 至 0.95。在所有试验中,基因型和 G × E 对 TW 的影响都很显着。SDWT、SQ、SOC 和 SPC 在多项试验中与 TW 有很强的显着关系,但总体上不一致。NILPs 的测试重量因 20 号染色体上“Danbaekkong”高蛋白等位基因的存在而不同,分别与 SPC 和 SOC 分别具有显着的正负关系。
更新日期:2021-04-26
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