This study illustrates the dynamical reconfiguration of a concentric hexagonal antenna array radiation to generate a pencil beam and flat-top beam simultaneously by electronic control in two principle vertical planes under consideration. Both the beams share a common normalized optimal current excitation amplitude distribution while the optimal sets of phase excitation coefficients are varied radically across the hexagons to generate a flat-top beam. The proposed approach is able to solve the underlying multi-objective problem and flexible enough to the efficient implementation of additional design constraints in the considered φ-planes. In this paper, a set of simulation-based examples are presented in an integrated way. The outcomes validate the effectiveness of the stated optimization using meta-heuristic optimization algorithms (teaching–learning-based optimization, symbiotic organism search, multi-verse optimization) to reach the solution globally and prove actual relevance to the concerned applications.

中文翻译：

---

两个主垂直平面上可重构六边形阵列天线合成的元启发式优化算法

这项研究说明了同心六边形天线阵列辐射的动态重构，以通过电子控制在所考虑的两个主要垂直平面中同时生成笔形波束和平顶波束。两个光束共享一个共同的归一化最佳电流激励幅度分布，而最佳相位激励系数组在六边形上发生根本变化，以生成平顶光束。所提出的方法能够解决潜在的多目标问题，并且足够灵活，可以在所考虑的 φ 平面中有效地实现额外的设计约束。本文综合介绍了一组基于仿真的示例。