Abstract

Purpose

Genetic variability in white button mushroom cultivars is very low due to the life cycle. Induction mutations using gamma irradiation is a useful way to generate diversity in white button mushrooms to obtain genotype(s) with desirable traits.

Methods

Gamma irradiation Cobalt-60 was used for inducting genetic diversity in white button mushroom to obtain genotype(s) with desirable traits. Gamma irradiation with doses of 0-500 Gy was conducted on spores on Potato Dextrose Agar medium.

Results

The results showed significant differences in days to pin production and harvest, fruit body number, fresh and dry weight, yield, laccase, and manganese peroxidase enzyme activity. After isolating variants, 15 variants were selected on the base of their high yield and enzyme degradation activity. Their genetic variation was confirmed by Sequence Related Amplified Polymorphism (SRAP) markers, and then incubated on three types of substrates (50:50, 75:25, and 100:0 % compost: raw straw). The results showed that all variants, except GR18, colonized in 75:25, and GR3, GR4, GR9, GR61, GR72, and GR74 variants colonized in 50:50. In 100:0 substrate, GR55 and GR63 were the earliest variants, and GR9 produced the highest fruit body number. In 75:25 substrate, GR9, GR3, GR61, GR4, GR74, GR4, GR61, and GR72 showed higher yields. The highest laccase and manganese peroxidase activity were recorded in GR3, GR4, GR9, GR72, and GR61. The isolated 15 variants were clustered into two main groups by cluster analysis and genetic variation was confirmed by SRAP markers.

Conclusion

The results showed that the diversity in the white button mushroom could be improved using gamma rays, and the variation would be useful for the development of future breeding programs.

中文翻译：

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通过伽马射线诱导双孢蘑菇突变，以提高遗传变异性、降解酶活性和产量

 抽象的

 目的

由于生命周期的原因，白蘑菇品种的遗传变异性非常低。使用伽马射线照射的诱导突变是在白蘑菇中产生多样性以获得具有所需性状的基因型的有用方法。

 方法

使用伽马射线照射 Cobalt-60 诱导白蘑菇遗传多样性，以获得具有所需性状的基因型。对马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂培养基上的孢子进行0-500Gy剂量的伽马射线照射。

 结果

结果显示，针生产和收获天数、子实体数量、鲜重和干重、产量、漆酶和锰过氧化物酶活性存在显着差异。分离变体后，根据其高产率和酶降解活性，选择了15个变体。它们的遗传变异通过序列相关扩增多态性 (SRAP) 标记得到证实，然后在三种类型的基质（50:50、75:25 和 100:0% 堆肥：原秸秆）上孵育。结果显示，除 GR18 外，所有变体的定植比例为 75:25，GR3、GR4、GR9、GR61、GR72 和 GR74 变体的定植比例为 50:50。在100:0底物中，GR55和GR63是最早的变体，GR9产生的子实体数量最高。在 75:25 底物中，GR9、GR3、GR61、GR4、GR74、GR4、GR61 和 GR72 显示出更高的产量。 GR3、GR4、GR9、GR72 和 GR61 中记录了最高的漆酶和锰过氧化物酶活性。通过聚类分析将分离的 15 个变异分为两个主要组，并通过 SRAP 标记确认遗传变异。

 结论

结果表明，使用伽马射线可以改善白蘑菇的多样性，并且这种变异对于未来育种计划的开发很有用。