Alginate as a green inhibitor of barite nucleation and crystal growth,Molecular Systems Design & Engineering

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Alginate as a green inhibitor of barite nucleation and crystal growth
Molecular Systems Design & Engineering ( IF 3.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-4-13 , DOI: 10.1039/d1me00010a
Xi Geng _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Ricardo D. Sosa _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Michael A. Reynolds _{3,

4,

5} , Jacinta C. Conrad _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Jeffrey D. Rimer _{1,

2,

3,

4}

Affiliation

Few (macro)molecular inhibitors of inorganic scale can suppress both nucleation and crystal growth. In this study, we examine a series of potential inhibitors of barium sulfate (barite), which is a common scale that poses systemic problems owing to its low solubility. We show that alginate (an acidic polysaccharide) is an anomaly among a diverse set of carboxylate-based modifiers of barite crystallization based on its ability to completely suppress both nucleation and crystal growth. Bulk crystallization assays reveal that alginate completely suppresses barite nucleation. Experiments to quantify barite crystal growth kinetics at the macroscopic level under different flow conditions revealed that alginate is also a potent inhibitor of crystal growth, with full suppression of crystallization occurring at a modifier concentration of 60 nM. Time-resolved microfluidics experiments revealed alginate's affinity to interact with all principal crystallographic faces of barite, which is uncommon among inhibitors of various inorganic crystals reported in literature. In situ atomic force microscopy experiments to probe the interactions between alginate and barite crystal surfaces revealed a transition from step bunching to step pinning modes of action at low and high alginate concentrations, respectively. The findings in this study highlight the dual roles and exceptional performance of alginate as a barite scale inhibitor. Owing to its natural abundance in brown algae, alginate is a promising and green alternative to current scale treatments.

中文翻译：

海藻酸盐作为重晶石形核和晶体生长的绿色抑制剂

几乎没有无机垢的（宏观）分子抑制剂可以抑制成核作用和晶体生长。在这项研究中，我们研究了一系列潜在的硫酸钡（重晶石）抑制剂，这是一种常见的水垢，由于其低溶解度而引起系统性问题。我们显示，藻酸盐（酸性多糖）是重晶石结晶的多种基于羧酸盐的改性剂中的异常，这是基于其完全抑制成核和晶体生长的能力。大量结晶测定表明藻酸盐完全抑制重晶石成核。量化重晶石晶体在不同流动条件下宏观生长动力学的实验表明，藻酸盐还是一种有效的晶体生长抑制剂，在改性剂浓度为60 nM时完全抑制了结晶。在原位原子力显微镜实验中研究藻酸盐和重晶石晶体表面之间的相互作用，发现在低藻酸盐浓度和高藻酸盐浓度下，从阶梯聚束到阶梯钉扎的作用方式分别发生了转变。这项研究的发现突出了藻酸盐作为重晶石水垢抑制剂的双重作用和出色的性能。由于其在褐藻中的天然丰富性，藻酸盐是当前规模处理的一种有前途的绿色替代方案。

更新日期：2021-04-27

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