All cells produce extracellular vesicles (EVs). These biological packages contain complex mixtures of molecular cargo and have a variety of functions, including interkingdom communication. Recent discoveries highlight the roles microbial EVs may play in the environment with respect to interactions with plants as well as nutrient cycling. These studies have also identified molecules present within EVs and associated with EV surfaces that contribute to these functions. In parallel, studies of engineered nanomaterials have developed methods to track and model small particle behavior in complex systems and measure the relative importance of various surface features on transport and function. While studies of EV behavior in complex environmental conditions have not yet employed transdisciplinary approaches, it is increasingly clear that expertise from disparate fields will be critical to understand the role of EVs in these systems. Here, we outline how the convergence of biology, soil geochemistry, and colloid science can both develop and address questions surrounding the basic principles governing EV-mediated interkingdom interactions.

中文翻译：

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微生物囊泡介导的交流：融合以了解生命域内和生命域之间的相互作用

所有细胞均产生细胞外囊泡（EVs）。这些生物包装包含分子货物的复杂混合物，并具有多种功能，包括相互交流。最近的发现凸显了微生物电动汽车在与植物的相互作用以及养分循环方面可能在环境中发挥的作用。这些研究还确定了电动汽车内存在的分子以及与电动汽车表面相关的，有助于这些功能的分子。同时，工程纳米材料的研究已经开发出了跟踪和建模复杂系统中小颗粒行为并测量各种表面特征对运输和功能的相对重要性的方法。尽管在复杂环境条件下对电动汽车行为的研究尚未采用跨学科方法，越来越明显的是，来自不同领域的专业知识对于理解电动汽车在这些系统中的作用至关重要。在这里，我们概述了生物学，土壤地球化学和胶体科学的融合如何能够发展和解决围绕电动汽车介导的交互作用相互作用的基本原理的问题。