We present the volcanic ash and tsunami record of the Minoan Late Bronze Age Eruption of Santorini (LBAES) in a distal setting in southwestern Turkey. In one of the drilled cores at the Letoon Hellenic antique site on Eşençay Delta, we encountered a 4 cm thick tephra deposit underlain by 46 cm thick tsunami‐deposited sand (tsunamite), and an organic‐rich layer that we ¹⁴C dated to 3295 ± 30 bp or 1633 bc. The relationship between Santorini distal volcanic ash and underlying tsunamite is described and interpreted. LBAES occurred in four main phases: (1) plinian; (2) phreatomagmatic; (3) phreatomagmatic with mudflows; and (4) ignimbritic flows and co‐ignimbrite tephra falls. In this study, we aim to understand which eruptive phases generate distal ash during the Minoan eruptive sequence by examining the 3D surface morphology of ash formed by different fragmentation processes. To that end, we used numerous statistical multivariates, 3D fractal dimension of roughness, and a new textural parameter of surface area‐3D/plotted area‐2D to characterise the eruption dynamics. Based on ash surface morphologies and the calculated statistical parameters, we propose that that distal ash is represented by a single layer composed of well‐mixed (coarse to fine) magmatic and phreatomagmatic ash.

中文翻译：

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土耳其西南部米诺斯晚期青铜器时代爆发（圣托里尼）的火山灰和海啸记录

我们介绍了土耳其西南部远端地区的圣托里尼岛米诺斯晚期青铜器时代爆发（LBAES）的火山灰和海啸记录。在Eşençay三角洲的Letoon希腊古玩遗址的一个钻孔岩心中，我们遇到了一个4 cm厚的特非拉沉积物，该沉积物位于46 cm厚的海啸沉积的沙子（海藻石）之下，以及我们¹⁴ C追溯到3295的富含有机物的层±30  bp或1633 bc。描述和解释了圣托里尼岛上的末级火山灰与海啸之间的关系。LBAES发生在四个主要阶段：（1）普林期；（2）吞噬岩浆；（3）吞噬岩浆；（4）火成岩流动和共火成岩的特菲拉陨落。在这项研究中，我们旨在通过检查由不同破碎过程形成的灰分的3D表面形态，了解在米诺斯火山喷发序列中哪些喷发相会产生远端灰分。为此，我们使用了许多统计多元变量，粗糙度的3D分形维数以及表面积3D /绘制区域2D的新纹理参数来表征喷发动力学。根据灰分表面形态和计算出的统计参数，