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The Imbricated Foreshock and Aftershock Activities of the Balsorano (Italy) Mw 4.4 Normal Fault Earthquake and Implications for Earthquake Initiation
Seismological Research Letters ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-01 , DOI: 10.1785/0220200253
Hugo Sánchez-Reyes 1 , David Essing 1 , Eric Beaucé 2 , Piero Poli 1
Affiliation  

Foreshocks in the form of microseismicity are among the most powerful tools to study the physical processes that occur before main earthquakes. However, their detection and precise characterization is still sparse, especially for small‐to‐moderate‐size earthquakes (⁠Mw<6⁠). We present here a detailed foreshock analysis for the 7 November 2019, Balsorano, Italy, normal fault earthquake (⁠Mw 4.4). To improve the detection of the microseismicity before and after the mainshock, we use six three‐component broadband receivers at distances of less than 75 km from the targeted seismicity, through template matching. To improve the understanding of the physical mechanism(s) behind the earthquake initiation process, as well as other accompanying phenomena, we also detail the spatiotemporal evolution of the sequence associated with this medium‐sized earthquake, using waveform clustering and hypocenter relocation. Clear differences between foreshocks and aftershocks are revealed by this analysis. Moreover, five distinct spatiotemporal patterns associated with the different seismic activities are revealed. The observed spatiotemporal behavior shown by the foreshocks highlights a complex initiation process, which apparently starts on an adjacent unmapped antithetic fault. Finally, the aftershock activity comprises four different clusters with distinct spatiotemporal patterns, which suggests that the different clusters in this sequence have distinct triggering mechanisms.

中文翻译:

Balsorano(意大利)Mw的禁闭前震和余震活动4.4正常断层地震及其对地震发动的影响

微震形式的前震是研究主要地震之前发生的物理过程的最有力工具。但是,它们的检测和精确表征仍然很少,特别是对于中小型地震(Mw <6⁠)。我们将在2019年11月7日意大利巴尔索拉诺正断层地震(Mw 4.4)进行详细的前震分析。为了改进主震前后微震的探测,我们通过模板匹配,使用了六个三分量宽带接收机,距目标地震活动距离小于75 km。为了增进对地震发动过程背后的物理机制以及其他伴随现象的理解,我们还使用波形聚类和震源重定位详细描述了与这次中级地震有关的序列的时空演化。该分析揭示了前震与余震之间的明显差异。此外,揭示了与不同地震活动相关的五个不同的时空模式。前额观测到的时空行为突出了一个复杂的启动过程,该过程显然始于相邻的未映射的对错断层。最后,余震活动包括四个具有不同时空模式的不同星团,这表明该序列中的不同星团具有不同的触发机制。该分析揭示了前震与余震之间的明显差异。此外,揭示了与不同地震活动相关的五个不同的时空模式。前额观测到的时空行为突出了一个复杂的启动过程,该过程显然始于相邻的未映射的对错断层。最后,余震活动包括四个具有不同时空模式的不同星团,这表明该序列中的不同星团具有不同的触发机制。该分析揭示了前震与余震之间的明显差异。此外,揭示了与不同地震活动相关的五个不同的时空模式。前额观测到的时空行为突出了一个复杂的启动过程,该过程显然始于相邻的未映射的对错断层。最后,余震活动包括四个具有不同时空模式的不同星团,这表明该序列中的不同星团具有不同的触发机制。
更新日期:2021-04-27
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