ABSTRACT

Soil erosion is the most important soil degradation process threatening semi-arid and arid areas. In this study, the change in the RUSLE-K soil erodibility values due to changed climatic conditions over a 10-year period was used as a tool to investigate soil erosion potential with Sequential Gaussian Simulation (SGS) method in the Mogan catchment in Turkey. For this purpose, soil erodibility values were determined for soil samples taken from the same coordinates in 2000 and 2010, and erosion susceptibility distribution maps were produced. The results showed that even though land use practices remained unchanged, soil erodibility values changed spatially and temporally, with the relationship dependent on climatic factors. More specifically, the effects of decreased precipitation, exacerbated by increased evaporation and more prolonged dry periods, made some areas in the catchment more susceptible to erosion. The vulnerability soils in the catchment increased markedly, with the area classified as subject to ‘very severe erodibility’ increasing more than threefold, from 762 ha to 2477 ha. This study has reinforced the need for ‘minimal disturbance’ land use, supplemented by monitoring that incorporates meteorological and soil test data, to minimize soil erosion and maximize the sustainability of agricultural activities in semi-arid and arid areas.

摘要

土壤侵蚀是威胁半干旱和干旱地区最重要的土壤退化过程。在本研究中，由于气候条件变化导致的 RUSLE-K 土壤可蚀性值在 10 年期间的变化被用作使用顺序高斯模拟 (SGS) 方法调查土耳其莫干流域土壤侵蚀潜力的工具。为此，测定了 2000 年和 2010 年同一坐标土壤样品的土壤可蚀性值，并制作了侵蚀敏感性分布图。结果表明，尽管土地利用方式保持不变，但土壤可蚀性值在空间和时间上发生了变化，其关系取决于气候因素。更具体地说，降水减少的影响，因蒸发增加和干旱期延长而加剧，使得流域内的一些区域更容易受到侵蚀。流域内的脆弱土壤显着增加，被归类为“极易侵蚀”的区域增加了三倍多，从 762 公顷增加到 2477 公顷。这项研究强调了对“最小干扰”土地利用的需求，并辅以结合气象和土壤测试数据的监测，以最大限度地减少水土流失并最大限度地提高半干旱和干旱地区农业活动的可持续性。