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Earthquake Recurrence Model Based on the Generalized Pareto Distribution for Unequal Observation Periods and Imprecise Magnitudes
Pure and Applied Geophysics ( IF 2 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-26 , DOI: 10.1007/s00024-021-02712-3
Anne Dutfoy

Seismic risk analyses derive from earthquake catalogs a recurrence relation linking earthquake activity rate to magnitude. The most widely employed model is the log-linear Gutenberg–Richter relation (Gutenberg and Richter, Science, 83, 183–185, 1936; Gutenberg and Richter, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 46(3), 105–145, 1945), with modifications at larger magnitudes (Cosentino et al., Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 67, 1615–1623, 1977; Kijko and Sellevoll, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 79(3), 644–654, 1989; Page, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 58, 1131–1168, 1968; Pisarenko and Sornette, Pure and Applied Geophysics, 160, 2343–2364, 2003; Turcotte, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 111, 275–293, 1999). This relation leads to exponentially distributed magnitudes truncated to a maximum magnitude, a priori fixed under geophysical considerations. In this paper, we assume seismic events occur according to a Poisson distribution, but we propose to model the tail distribution of magnitudes with a generalized Pareto distribution (GPD). The GPD parameters are estimated with a maximum likelihood procedure. This GPD-based model gives rise to a new recurrence model that differs from the Gutenberg–Richter Law. It eliminates the need to introduce a maximum magnitude in the analysis that is difficult to determine. This paper details the expression of the estimators of the GPD parameters and the asymptotic normal distribution when the shape parameter \(\xi >-1\). This asymptotic distribution yields confidence intervals for all parameters. The GPD parameter estimators account for the following features of the data set: (a) seismic events are collected on periods whose span depends on their magnitudes; (b) magnitudes are imprecisely known: each magnitude is supposed to uniformly belong to an interval of length 0.5. Our new model is estimated from information coming from the FCAT17 catalog. This catalog collects seismic events from the Alps region in France. We conduct an uncertainty analysis, and we quantify the impact of estimation uncertainty on the recurrence model.



中文翻译:

不等观测期和不精确幅值的基于广义帕累托分布的地震复发模型

地震风险分析来自地震目录,是一种将地震活动率与震级联系起来的递归关系。最广泛使用的模型是对数线性古滕贝格一里克特关系(古滕贝格和里克特,科学,83,183-185,1936年;和古滕贝格里克特,美国地震学会,通报46(3),105-145, 1945年),并进行了较大的修改(Cosentino等人,《美国地震学会通报》,第67卷,1615–1623年,1977年; Kijko和Sellevoll,《美国地震学会通报》,第79卷,第3期,第644-654页) ,1989年,页,美国地震学会通报58,1131年至1168年,1968年,皮萨连科和Sornette,纯粹与应用地球物理,160,2003年2343年至2364年;Turcotte,《地球物理学和行星内部》,111,275–293,1999年)。这种关系导致指数分布的幅度被截断为最大幅度,这是根据地球物理考虑事先确定的。在本文中,我们假设地震事件是根据泊松分布发生的,但是我们建议使用广义帕累托分布(GPD)来模拟震级的尾部分布。使用最大似然法估计GPD参数。这种基于GPD的模型产生了不同于古腾堡-里希特定律的新的递归模型。它消除了在分析中引入难以确定的最大幅度的需求。本文详细介绍了形状参数\(\ xi> -1 \)时GPD参数的估计量和渐近正态分布的表达式。这种渐近分布产生所有参数的置信区间。GPD参数估算器说明了数据集的以下特征:(a)在跨度取决于其震级的时段上收集地震事件;(b)幅度是不精确知道的:每个幅度都应该统一属于一个长度为0.5的区间。我们的新模型是根据FCAT17目录中的信息估算的。该目录收集了法国阿尔卑斯山地区的地震事件。我们进行不确定性分析,并量化估计不确定性对递归模型的影响。

更新日期:2021-04-27
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