This paper aims to critically examine employee participation in Industry 4.0, with a systematic literature review. A total of 58 studies were reviewed, resulting in a categorisation of the literature into three perspectives. The ‘techno‐optimist’ and the ‘socio‐technical’ perspective dominate in the reviewed papers. They both confirm a trend that frames employee participation in a unitarist tradition, which emphasises synergies between managerial efficiency and (mostly individual) participation, leading to high innovation potential. The third perspective is rooted in critical studies. Authors writing on the latter subject predict more standardisation and centralisation, and the continued demise of collective and representative forms of participation. To better understand the role of employees in Industry 4.0, we suggest confronting the current discourse with robust empirical research. On that basis, we reject both technological and social determinism, and we acknowledge the structural ambiguities and multidimensionality of employee participation in technological transformations.

中文翻译：

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新瓶装旧酒？重温员工对工业4.0的参与

本文旨在通过系统的文献综述来严格审查员工对工业4.0的参与。总共审查了58项研究，从而将文献分为三种观点。在审阅的论文中，“技术优化主义者”和“社会技术专家”的观点占主导地位。它们都证实了一种趋势，该趋势构成了员工参与统一主义传统的趋势，这种趋势强调了管理效率和（主要是个人）参与之间的协同作用，从而带来了很高的创新潜力。第三种观点植根于批判性研究。在后一主题上写的作者预测，将会有更多的标准化和集中化，并且集体参与和代表形式的参与将继续消亡。为了更好地了解员工在工业4.0中的角色，我们建议通过强有力的实证研究来面对当前的论述。在此基础上，我们既拒绝技术决定论，也拒绝社会决定论，并且我们承认员工参与技术改造的结构性模糊性和多维性。