Speaking involves selecting a word among co-activated words in the lexicon. The factors determining which potentially co-activated words affect the production of spoken words remain underspecified. This research investigated the influence of words that sound similar to a target word (phonological neighbours) on the picture naming latency and accuracy of young English-speaking adults. Response time analyses showed a significant interaction between the frequency of the target and the frequency of those phonological neighbours that were higher in frequency than the target. Analysis of a published picture naming dataset gave similar results. The mechanisms underlying these results were explored using computational modelling. The critical interaction observed in the human data was successfully reproduced in analyses of the output of some versions of an interactive activation model. This model featured a relatively slow rise of activation in the phonological lexicon nodes, resulting in an increase in the effect of frequency. Overall, results show that phonological neighbourhood effects are tightly related to frequency effects.

说话涉及在词典中的共同激活单词中选择一个单词。确定哪些潜在的共同激活的单词会影响说出的单词的产生的因素仍未明确。这项研究调查了听起来与目标单词（语音邻域）相似的单词对年轻英语成年人的图片命名潜伏期和准确性的影响。响应时间分析显示，目标频率与那些频率高于目标频率的语音邻域的频率之间存在显着的交互作用。对已发布图片命名数据集的分析得出了相似的结果。使用计算模型探索了这些结果的基础机制。在人类数据中观察到的关键交互作用已成功地通过对交互激活模型某些版本输出的分析得到了再现。该模型的特点是语音词典节点中激活的上升相对较慢，从而导致频率效应的增加。总体而言，结果表明，语音邻域效应与频率效应紧密相关。