The increasing contamination of environmental media is a serious health issue requiring advanced methods to detect actual and emerging pollutants. In particular, high-sensitivity sensors for monitoring water pollutants are under deep investigation. Here, we review the synthesis, optical properties and applications of carbon dots for sensing contaminants in water samples. Fluorescence-based sensors have achieved ultrasensitive detection at nanomolar to picomolar concentrations. Carbon dot sensors have unique advantages such as biocompatibility, easy preparation, optical activity and wide applicability.

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基于荧光碳点的光学纳米传感器用于检测水污染物：综述

环境介质污染的增加是一个严重的健康问题，需要先进的方法来检测实际和新出现的污染物。特别是，用于监测水污染物的高灵敏度传感器正在深入研究中。在这里，我们将综述碳点的合成，光学性质及其在感测水样中污染物方面的应用。基于荧光的传感器已经实现了纳摩尔至皮摩尔浓度的超灵敏检测。碳点传感器具有独特的优势，例如生物相容性，易于制备，光学活性和广泛的适用性。