ABSTRACT

Background

Listening to music is often used as a self-help intervention to improve sleep quality, but its efficacy among individuals without sleep disorder remains unclear.

Methods

A search was performed on five databases to identify for studies that examined the use of music-based intervention to improve sleep quality among individuals without sleep disorder. Random-effects meta-analysis was performed, and the certainty of evidence was evaluated using GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation).

Results

Twenty-two articles which recruited 1,514 participants were included for review. Meta-analysis of six studies including 424 participants did not find an improvement in sleep quality among recipients of music-based intervention compared to those with standard care (mean difference: −0.80; 95% CI: −2.15 to 0.54, low-quality evidence). Subgroup analysis showed a clear improvement in sleep quality when interventions were administered for at least 3 weeks (−2.09; −3.84 to −0.34, n = 3). No difference in terms of sleep onset latency (standardized mean difference (SMD) −0.32; 95% CI −0.88 to 0.25, n = 4, very-low quality evidence) and sleep efficiency (SMD: −0.59; 95% CI −3.15 to 1.97, n = 2, very-low quality evidence) were observed. The effect of music-based intervention on anxiety, depression and quality of life were mixed with suggestions of possible benefits.

Conclusion

Music-based intervention in addition to standard care appears to be a promising strategy to improve sleep quality when delivered for 3 week or longer. However, effects are inconsistent across studies and larger randomized controlled studies reporting long-term outcomes are needed before it can be recommended for routine use.

PROSPERO registration

CRD42018081193

中文翻译：

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改善无睡眠障碍成人睡眠质量的基于音乐的干预：系统评价和荟萃分析

摘要

背景

听音乐通常被用作改善睡眠质量的自助干预，但其在没有睡眠障碍的个体中的效果仍不清楚。

方法

对五个数据库进行了搜索，以确定研究使用基于音乐的干预来改善没有睡眠障碍的个体的睡眠质量。进行了随机效应荟萃分析，并使用 GRADE（推荐评估、开发和评估分级）评估证据的确定性。

结果

招募了 1,514 名参与者的 22 篇文章被纳入审查。对包括 424 名参与者的六项研究的荟萃分析发现，与标准护理相比，基于音乐的干预接受者的睡眠质量没有改善（平均差：-0.80；95% CI：-2.15 至 0.54，低质量证据）。亚组分析显示，当干预措施实施至少 3 周时，睡眠质量明显改善（-2.09；-3.84 至 -0.34，n = 3）。入睡潜伏期（标准化平均差 (SMD) -0.32；95% CI -0.88 至 0.25，n = 4，极低质量证据）和睡眠效率（SMD：-0.59；95% CI -3.15）没有差异到 1.97，n = 2，非常低质量的证据）被观察到。基于音乐的干预对焦虑的影响，

结论

除了标准护理之外，基于音乐的干预似乎是一种有希望的策略，可以在 3 周或更长时间内改善睡眠质量。然而，不同研究的效果并不一致，需要更大规模的随机对照研究报告长期结果，然后才能推荐常规使用。

PROSPERO 注册

CRD42018081193