In conventional linear accelerators, the beam is accelerated with a synchronous harmonic of the radio frequency field where the electric field component is collinear with the beam direction. This approach requires the design of complex accelerating structures, especially for low-energy heavy ions. If the beam motion were sustainably coupled to transverse electromagnetic fields, this could significantly simplify the accelerating structure design, and even allow acceleration with free-space waves. However, despite the long history of the proposed concept for accelerating low-velocity ion beams, it has not found practical application, partially because of the complexity of the technical design. In this paper, we present a practical design approach for this undulator-based accelerator for low-energy heavy-ions, reminiscent of the inverse free electron laser operating principle, but in a different parameter space.

在传统的直线加速器中，光束通过射频场的同步谐波加速，其中电场分量与光束方向共线。这种方法需要设计复杂的加速结构，尤其是对于低能重离子。如果光束运动持续耦合到横向电磁场，这可以显着简化加速结构设计，甚至允许使用自由空间波加速。然而，尽管所提出的用于加速低速离子束的概念已有很长的历史，但尚未找到实际应用，部分原因是技术设计的复杂性。在本文中，我们为这种基于波荡器的低能重离子加速器提出了一种实用的设计方法，