Structural battery composite is a new class of multifunctional lightweight materials with profound potential in harvesting electrical energy in the form of chemical energy, while simultaneously providing structural integrity to the system. In this study, we present a multi-physics design optimization framework for structural battery. The objective of the optimization framework is to change the geometrical features and material types of the constituents in a composite lamina to maximize the allowable charging current for a constant rate of charging. In this optimization framework, three sets of inequality constraints are defined to keep the structural battery lightweight, and make sure that the amount of induced stress and generated heat due to the intercalation process remains small. We have also considered several design parameters such as geometrical features of the composite lamina, volume fractions of fibers and LiFePO₄ particles, and material types of constituents. The proposed framework includes a gradient-based design optimization method with the ability to perform the optimization process under any source of uncertainty in the material properties, manufacturing process, operating conditions, etc. It also contains a Bayesian design optimization scheme to select the best candidate for the materials of the constituents in a structural battery. We also develop an analytical sensitivity analysis of several electrochemical/thermal/structural response metrics with respect to a few geometrical and material design parameters of a composite lamina. The results show that by using the proposed optimization framework, we are able to maximize the allowable charging current for a constant rate of charging in the optimized solution compared to the considered reference designs while satisfying all of the prescribed constraints. Furthermore, we increase the design reliability of structural battery by at least 45% compared to the deterministic optimized solution. Finally, we find the optimized material types for the fiber and matrix in a structural battery.

结构电池复合材料是一类新型多功能轻质材料，在以化学能的形式收集电能方面具有巨大潜力，同时为系统提供结构完整性。在这项研究中，我们提出了一种结构电池的多物理场设计优化框架。优化框架的目标是改变复合薄层中成分的几何特征和材料类型，以最大化恒定充电速率的允许充电电流。在这个优化框架中，定义了三组不等式约束，以保持结构电池的轻量化，并确保嵌入过程引起的诱导应力和产生的热量保持较小。₄颗粒和成分的材料类型。所提出的框架包括基于梯度的设计优化方法，能够在材料特性、制造过程、操作条件等的任何不确定性来源下执行优化过程。它还包含贝叶斯设计优化方案来选择最佳候选者用于结构电池中成分的材料。我们还针对复合层板的一些几何和材料设计参数，对几种电化学/热/结构响应指标进行了分析灵敏度分析。结果表明，通过使用所提出的优化框架，与所考虑的参考设计相比，我们能够在优化解决方案中为恒定充电速率最大化允许充电电流，同时满足所有规定的约束条件。此外，与确定性优化解决方案相比，我们将结构电池的设计可靠性提高了至少 45%。最后，我们找到了结构电池中纤维和基质的优化材料类型。