The LIGO-Virgo Collaboration has so far detected around 90 black holes, some of which have masses larger than what were expected from the collapse of stars. The mass distribution of LIGO-Virgo black holes appears to have a peak at ∼ 30M _☉ and two tails on the ends. By assuming that they all have a primordial origin, we analyze the GWTC-1 (O1&O2) and GWTC-2 (O3a) datasets by performing maximum likelihood estimation on a broken power law mass function f(m), with the result f ∝ m ^1.2 for m < 35 M _☉ and f ∝ m ^-4 for m > 35 M _☉. This appears to behave better than the popular log-normal mass function. Surprisingly, such a simple and unique distribution can be realized in our previously proposed mechanism of PBH formation, where the black holes are formed by vacuum bubbles that nucleate during inflation via quantum tunneling. Moreover, this mass distribution can also provide an explanation to supermassive black holes formed at highredshifts.

迄今为止，LIGO-Virgo 合作已经探测到大约 90 个黑洞，其中一些黑洞的质量比恒星坍缩时所预期的要大。LIGO-Virgo 黑洞的质量分布似乎在 ∼ 30 M _☉处有一个峰值，两端有两条尾巴。通过假设它们都有一个原始起源，我们通过对破坏的幂律质量函数f ( m ) 执行最大似然估计来分析 GWTC-1 (O1&O2) 和 GWTC-2 (O3a) 数据集，结果f ∝ m ^1.2对于m < 35 M _☉和f ∝ m ^-4对于m > 35 M _☉。这似乎比流行的对数正态质量函数表现得更好。令人惊讶的是，这种简单而独特的分布可以在我们之前提出的 PBH 形成机制中实现，其中黑洞是由在膨胀过程中通过量子隧穿成核的真空气泡形成的。此外，这种质量分布也可以解释在高红移处形成的超大质量黑洞。