We critically examine the ability of future neutrino telescopes, including Baikal-GVD, KM3NeT, P-ONE, TAMBO, and IceCube-Gen2, to determine the flavor composition of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos in light of data from next-generation of neutrino oscillation experiments including JUNO, DUNE, and Hyper-Kamiokande. By 2040, the region of allowed flavor composition at Earth will shrink ten-fold, and the flavor composition at the astrophysical sources of the neutrinos will be inferred to within 6%, enough to pinpoint the dominant neutrino production mechanism and to identify possible sub-dominant mechanisms. These conclusions hold even in the nonstandard scenario where neutrino mixing is non-unitary, a scenario that will be probed in next-generation experiments such as the IceCube-Upgrade. As an illustration, we show that future experiments are sensitive to decay rates of the heavier neutrinos to below 1.8 10^-5 (m/eV) s^-1 at 95% credibility by 2040.

我们根据来自下一代中微子振荡的数据，严格检查未来中微子望远镜（包括 Baikal-GVD、KM3NeT、P-ONE、TAMBO 和 IceCube-Gen2）确定高能天体物理中微子风味成分的能力实验包括 JUNO、DUNE 和 Hyper-Kamiokande。到 2040 年，地球上允许风味成分的区域将缩小 10 倍，中微子天体物理来源的风味成分将被推断在 6% 以内，足以查明主要的中微子产生机制并确定可能的亚主导机制。这些结论即使在中微子混合是非单一的非标准场景中也成立，这种场景将在下一代实验中进行探索，例如 IceCube-Upgrade。作为例证，^-5 (m/eV) s ^-1到 2040 年达到 95% 的可信度。