Rapid and sensitive detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is essential for environmental monitoring and disease diagnosis. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has a natural analyte recognition ability and can realize ultra-sensitive detection. Herein, we report a plasmonic nose based on a 3D-microneedle array coated with Ag nanoparticles for fast and ultrasensitive SERS detection of VOCs vapor. Since the surface of the 8.3 μm high microneedle is completely covered by ‘hot spots’, which can effectively slow down the diffusion of gas molecules, so as to ensure that the gas molecules are in full contact with ‘hot spots’, and then detected by the plasmonic nose. Experiments for gaseous 4-methylbenzenethiol detection with a fast responding time (as short as 1 s) are realized, and gaseous 4-ethylbenzaldehyde as a lung cancer marker is also captured with a 10 ppb limit of detection. The results demonstrate that the plasmonic nose is of great potential for environmental monitoring and disease diagnosis.

挥发性有机化合物 (VOC) 的快速灵敏检测对于环境监测和疾病诊断至关重要。表面增强拉曼散射（SERS）具有天然的分析物识别能力，可实现超灵敏检测。在此，我们报告了一种基于涂有 Ag 纳米颗粒的 3D 微针阵列的等离子体鼻，用于快速和超灵敏的 SERS 检测 VOC 蒸气。由于表面为 8.3 μ米高的微针完全被“热点”覆盖，可以有效减缓气体分子的扩散，从而保证气体分子与“热点”充分接触，然后被等离子鼻检测到。实现了具有快速响应时间（短至 1 秒）的气态 4-甲基苯硫醇检测实验，并且还以 10 ppb 的检测限捕获了气态 4-乙基苯甲醛作为肺癌标志物。结果表明，等离子体鼻在环境监测和疾病诊断方面具有巨大潜力。