We investigate kink-dark complex solitons (KDCSs) in a three-component Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) with repulsive interactions and pair-transition (PT) effects. Soliton profiles critically depend on the phase differences between dark solitons excitation elements. We report a type of kink-dark soliton profile which shows a droplet-bubble-droplet with a density dip, in sharp contrast to previously studied bubble-droplets. The interaction between two KDCSs is further investigated. It demonstrates some striking particle transition behaviours during their collision processes, while soliton profiles survive after the collision. Additionally, we exhibit the state transition dynamics between a kink soliton and a dark soliton. These results suggest that PT effects can induce more abundant complex solitons dynamics in multi-component BEC.

我们研究了具有排斥相互作用和对跃迁 (PT) 效应的三组分玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体 (BEC) 中的扭结暗复合孤子 (KDCS)。孤子分布严重依赖于暗孤子激发元素之间的相位差。我们报告了一种扭结暗孤子剖面，它显示了一个密度下降的液滴-气泡-液滴，与之前研究的气泡液滴形成鲜明对比。进一步研究了两个 KDCS 之间的相互作用。它在碰撞过程中展示了一些引人注目的粒子跃迁行为，而孤子轮廓在碰撞后仍然存在。此外，我们展示了扭结孤子和暗孤子之间的状态转换动力学。这些结果表明 PT 效应可以在多分量 BEC 中诱导更丰富的复杂孤子动力学。