This study revisits the use of surface weather observations from the NOAA Integrated Surface Database to examine the most recent dust trends and climate drivers in the context of multidecadal dust variability, following a critical assessment of the data completeness, temporal continuity, and cross‐variable consistency of horizontal visibility and present weather reports. The global mean dust event frequency has increased at 0.02% yr⁻¹ from 1986 to 2019, driven by recent intensified activity resulting in a reversal of the previously reported declining dust trend over 1984–2012. Correlation analysis suggests that soil moisture has a lagged effect on the global dustiness with a maximum r = −0.3 when soil moisture leads by 14 months. North Africa experienced increased dust activity in the last decade (2010–2019), due to reduced soil moisture and enhanced wind speed following the transition of the North Atlantic Oscillation from strong negative to recurring positive phases in 2011. The Middle East had a significant decline of dust production since 2015 following the amelioration of a decade‐long drought in the Tigris‐Euphrates basin, as the climate shifts to more El Niño‐like conditions as well as positive and weak negative Pacific Decadal Oscillation phases. East Asian dust variability is primarily driven by wind, which explains the negative trend from 1986 to 1997 and the absence of significant trends during the past two decades. This study constitutes an initial effort in creating a homogenized weather station‐based data set for characterizing dust‐climate connections on local and global scales.

中文翻译：

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利用水平能见度和当前天气观测资料重新审视最近的尘埃趋势和气候驱动因素

在对数据完整性，时间连续性和跨变量一致性进行了重要评估之后，本研究重新利用了NOAA综合地表数据库中的地表天气观测数据，以检查多年代际尘埃变化情况下的最新尘埃趋势和气候驱动因素。水平能见度和当前天气报告。从1986年到2019年，全球尘埃事件的平均频率在1986年至2019年期间以0.02％yr ^-1的速度增加，这是由于最近的活动加剧导致以前报道的1984-2012年尘埃下降趋势的逆转。相关分析表明，土壤水分对全球尘土的影响滞后，最大r = -0.3当土壤水分超前14个月时。由于北大西洋涛动从2011年的强负转为正转后，北非涛动在过去十年（2010-2019年）尘土活动增加，这是由于土壤水分减少和风速加快。在2015年以来，底格里斯-欧弗拉特盆地干旱持续了10年，随着气候转向更多的类似于厄尔尼诺现象，以及太平洋年代际振荡正负和负性减弱，沙尘的排放量开始下降。东亚沙尘的多变性主要是由风驱动的，这解释了从1986年到1997年的负趋势，以及在过去的二十年中没有明显的趋势。