Seismic studies use a viscoelastic model of a standard inelastic body that does not take into account the effect of microplasticity of the rocks. The modern approach introduces the new components, which indeed improves the efficiency of the seismic methods. The aim of this study is to determine the combined effect of viscoelasticity and microplasticity on the longitudinal wave's attenuation. The high-resolution measurements performed on dry and water-saturated sandstone by a pulse frequency of 1 MHz within the strain ranges of ~ (0.3–2.0) × 10^-6 under 10 MPa confining pressure. Within the range of 0.5–2.5 MHz at both states of the dry and water-saturated sample, the frequency dependence of P- wave attenuation $Q_p^{-1}\left(f\right)$ forms a peak due to the viscoelasticity. Microplasticity effect manifests as a non-linear dependence of the wave attenuation $Q_p^{-1}\left(\epsilon \right)$ on the strain amplitude. By increasing the strain amplitude the attenuation peak in the saturated sandstone shifts towards the higher frequencies and $Q_p^{-1}$- values. The indicators of microplastic deformation on the wave profile are the stress plateau and the stress drop feature. Within the range of 1.5–2.5 MHz frequencies the microplasticity is increased on the attenuation spectrum. The significant difference between dry and water-saturated sandstone can be observed as a change in peak and value of the attenuation. Considering microplasticity in the models and introducing the number of stress plateaus into a wave profile shows a significant effect of this factor on the wave attenuation. Unconventional behavior of the wave attenuation is explained by a joint action of viscoelastic and micro-plastic mechanism. The results of this study can contribute in improvement of the methods of geological interpretation of the seismic and acoustic data.

地震研究使用标准无弹性体的粘弹性模型，该模型没有考虑岩石的微塑性影响。现代方法引入了新的组成部分，确实提高了地震方法的效率。这项研究的目的是确定粘弹性和微塑性对纵波衰减的综合影响。在10 MPa围压下，在〜（0.3–2.0）×10 ^-6的应变范围内，以1 MHz的脉冲频率对干燥和水饱和的砂岩进行高分辨率测量。在干燥和水饱和样品的两种状态下，在0.5–2.5 MHz的范围内，P波衰减的频率相关性${问}_p^{-\mathrm{1个}}（F）$由于粘弹性而形成峰。微塑性效应表现为波衰减的非线性相关性${问}_p^{-\mathrm{1个}}（\epsilon ）$在应变振幅上。通过增加应变幅度，饱和砂岩中的衰减峰会向更高的频率移动，并且${问}_p^{-\mathrm{1个}}$-价值观。波形上的微塑性变形指标是应力平稳期和应力下降特征。在1.5-2.5 MHz频率范围内，微塑性在衰减谱上增加。可以看到干砂岩和水饱和砂岩之间的显着差异是衰减峰值和衰减值的变化。考虑模型中的微塑性并将应力平稳区的数量引入波形中，表明该因素对波形衰减具有显着影响。波衰减的非常规行为是通过粘弹性和微塑性机制的共同作用来解释的。这项研究的结果可以有助于改进地震和声学数据的地质解释方法。