Quantification of near-field blast loading is a pressing issue for defence, transport security, and structural engineering. Realistic explosion scenarios often involve the detonation of non-spherical high explosive charges, rather than the idealised spherical/hemispherical explosives assumed in commonly employed semi-empirical approaches. Additionally, near-field effects are of great importance when assessing structural damage and injury risk from such an event. There is a need, therefore, to incorporate the effects of charge shape and the resulting loading distribution in simplified engineering-level tools using adjustments based on sound physical principles. This article details the development of an energy equivalent formulation to derive spherical equivalence factors, with the methodology illustrated for the scenario of a centrally detonated cylindrical explosive charge. A validated two-part numerical model is used to generate specific impulse distributions and quantify the resulting plate deformation, for a wide range of cylindrical aspect ratios ($0.20\le L/D\le 5$), at a range of near-field scaled distances ($0.108\le Z\le 0.485$ m/kg${}^{1/3}$) for different sized structural targets. A series of verification examples are used to demonstrate the accuracy of the method, with the peak deflection under the equivalent spherical charge matching peak deflection under the cylindrical charge to within $\sim$4%. The method developed in this article could be extended to find equivalence between any two systems with complex distributed loading, allowing for a fast running engineering approximation in cases where detailed modelling is inappropriate or infeasible.

量化近场爆炸载荷是国防，运输安全和结构工程的紧迫问题。现实的爆炸场景通常涉及非球形高爆炸药的爆炸，而不是通常采用的半经验方法假定的理想球形/半球形炸药。另外，在评估此类事件造成的结构损坏和伤害风险时，近场影响非常重要。因此，需要使用基于合理物理原理的调整，在简化的工程级工具中将装药形状的影响和所产生的载荷分布合并到一起。本文详细介绍了用于导出球面等效因数的能量等效公式的开发，并采用了针对中心引爆的圆柱形炸药的方案说明的方法。经过验证的两部分数值模型可用于生成特定的脉冲分布并量化所产生的板变形，适用于各种圆柱纵横比（$0.20\le \mathrm{大号}/d\le 5$），在一定范围的近场缩放距离下（$0.108\le ž\le 0.485$ 米/千克${}^{\mathrm{1个}/3}$）以用于不同大小的结构目标。使用一系列验证示例来证明该方法的准确性，等效电荷下的峰挠度与圆柱电荷下的峰挠度相差不超过$〜$4％。本文开发的方法可以扩展为查找具有复杂分布式负载的任何两个系统之间的等效性，从而在详细建模不合适或不可行的情况下，可以快速运行工程近似。