In this work, the effect of layered TiO₂ anatase nanorod preparation and application were systematically analyzed. The nanoparticles were widely characterized and applied in the photocatalytic degradation of red amaranth toxic dye. The nanorod morphology changed with the type of acid treatment; they decreased in length and diameter with the increase in acid concentration. The use of HCl induced a preferential growth of (101) planes, while HNO₃ favored the formation of the (004) face. Likewise, the HCl acid treatment allowed the incorporation of small quantities of Cl${}^{-}$ ions on the surface of TiO₂ anatase, impacting the activity positively. Otherwise, the presence of surface nitrogen was not detected when treated with nitric acid. The characterization and activity result allowed us to propose structure–activity correlations with morphology and Cl${}^{-}$ ions. It was revealed that the Na removal enhanced reactivity revealing to the enhanced crystallinity of TiO₂ nanorods is responsible for the photocatalytic activity results. We conclude that these nanomaterials are suitable as catalysts for the degradation of dye pollutants in water if a fine-tuning is done with acid solutions.

在这项工作中，系统地分析了层状TiO ₂锐钛矿纳米棒的制备和应用效果。纳米粒子被广泛地表征，并应用于红a菜有毒染料的光催化降解。纳米棒的形貌随酸处理类型的变化而变化。随着酸浓度的增加，它们的长度和直径减小。HCl的使用引起（101）面的优先生长，而HNO _3有利于（004）面的形成。同样，HCl酸处理允许掺入少量的Cl${}^{-}$TiO ₂锐钛矿表面上的离子，对活性产生积极影响。否则，用硝酸处理时未检测到表面氮的存在。表征和活性结果使我们能够提出形态学和Cl的结构-活性相关性${}^{-}$离子。结果表明，脱除Na的反应活性增强了TiO ₂纳米棒的结晶度，这是造成光催化活性的原因。我们得出的结论是，如果用酸溶液进行微调，则这些纳米材料适合作为降解水中染料污染物的催化剂。