This paper investigates premodern conceptions of spaces of otherness, particularly within the context of Persian Sufi poetry. Abbasid-era travel literature describing monasteries, as well as real hostilities between Muslims and Christians, gave symbolic dimensions to spaces of antinomian activity in thirteenth-century eastern Iran. Making use of Edward Soja’s thirdspace, as well as Jorge Luis Borges’s the Aleph, this paper pays particular attention to the pseudo-hagiographical narrative of the “Shaykh of Ṣanʿān” in the poem Manṭiq al-Ṭayr (Speech of the Birds). In this account by the Persian poet Farīd al-Dīn ʿAṭṭār (d. 1221), Byzantium contrasts with the Kaʿba in Mecca, just as the wine-house, the Christian church, and the ruins contrast with normative spaces wherein expectations of decorum can lead to ostentatious and insincere modes of worship. By creating magical spaces of infidelity, spaces devoid of piety, ʿAṭṭār conveys themes of losing oneself to a carnal and ultimately divine Other.

中文翻译：

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在麦加清醒，在拜占庭醉酒：ʿAṭṭār 诗歌中的反律空间

本文研究了前现代关于他者空间的概念，特别是在波斯苏菲诗歌的背景下。阿拔斯时代的旅行文学描述了修道院，以及穆斯林和基督徒之间真正的敌对行动，为 13 世纪伊朗东部的反律法主义活动空间赋予了象征意义。本文利用爱德华·索亚的第三空间，以及豪尔赫·路易斯·博尔赫斯的《阿列夫》，特别关注《鸟语录》中“萨安的谢赫”的伪圣徒叙事。在波斯诗人 Farīd al-Dīn ʿAṭṭār（卒于 1221 年）的这篇记述中，拜占庭与麦加的 Kaʿba 形成对比，正如酒屋、基督教教堂和废墟与规范空间形成对比，在规范空间中对礼仪的期望可能导致浮夸和虚伪的崇拜方式。