Abstract

In the classroom, we traditionally visualize inferential concepts using static graphics or interactive apps. For example, there is a long history of using apps to visualize sampling distributions. The lineup protocol for visual inference is a recent development in statistical graphics that has created an opportunity to build student understanding. Lineups are created by embedding plots of observed data into a field of null (noise) plots. This arrangement facilitates comparison and helps build student intuition about the difference between signal and noise. Lineups can be used to visualize randomization/permutation tests, diagnose models, and even conduct valid inference when distributional assumptions break down. This article provides an overview of how the lineup protocol for visual inference can be used to build understanding of key statistical topics throughout the statistics curriculum. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.

摘要

在课堂上，我们传统上使用静态图形或交互式应用程序将推理概念可视化。例如，使用应用程序可视化采样分布的历史由来已久。视觉推理的阵容协议是统计图形的最新发展，它为建立学生理解创造了机会。通过将观察到的数据图嵌入到空（噪声）图的字段中来创建阵容。这种安排有助于比较并帮助学生建立关于信号和噪声之间差异的直觉。Lineup 可用于可视化随机化/置换测试、诊断模型，甚至在分布假设失效时进行有效推理。本文概述了如何使用用于视觉推理的阵容协议来建立对整个统计课程中关键统计主题的理解。本文的补充材料可在线获取。