Lassa fever (LF), a zoonotic illness, represents a public health burden in West African countries where the Lassa virus (LASV) circulates among rodents. Human exposure hinges significantly on LASV ecology, which is in turn shaped by various parameters such as weather seasonality and even virus and rodent-host genetics. Furthermore, human behaviour, despite playing a key role in the zoonotic nature of the disease, critically affects either the spread or control of human-to-human transmission. Previous estimations on LF burden date from the 80s and it is unclear how the population expansion and the improvement on diagnostics and surveillance methods have affected such predictions. Although recent data have contributed to the awareness of epidemics, the real impact of LF in West African communities will only be possible with the intensification of interdisciplinary efforts in research and public health approaches. This review discusses the causes and consequences of LF from a One Health perspective, and how the application of this concept can improve the surveillance and control of this disease in West Africa.

中文翻译：

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One Health 方法在拉沙热监测和控制中的应用

拉沙热 (LF) 是一种人畜共患疾病，是拉沙病毒 (LASV) 在啮齿动物中传播的西非国家的公共卫生负担。人类暴露在很大程度上取决于 LASV 生态，而 LASV 生态又受天气季节性甚至病毒和啮齿动物宿主遗传等各种参数的影响。此外，尽管人类行为在该疾病的人畜共患病性质中起着关键作用，但它严重影响了人与人之间传播的传播或控制。先前对 LF 负担的估计可以追溯到 80 年代，目前尚不清楚人口扩张以及诊断和监测方法的改进如何影响此类预测。虽然最近的数据有助于提高对流行病的认识，LF 对西非社区的真正影响只有在研究和公共卫生方法方面加强跨学科努力才有可能。本综述从 One Health 的角度讨论了 LF 的原因和后果，以及这一概念的应用如何改善西非对这种疾病的监测和控制。