This study aimed to explore the effects of perceived parenting styles (e.g., mother and father involvement, mother and father strict control) on the happiness of college students. The study also investigated the mediating roles of emotional self-efficacy and forgiveness (i.e., forgiveness of self, others, and situations) in this relationship. The form consisting of 123 survey items was voluntarily filled out by 386 college students. A path analysis was carried out in the study. Some of the core findings are as follows. Mother and father involvement had positive direct effects on happiness. In addition, both mother and father involvement indirectly affected happiness via emotional self-efficacy. Increase in parental involvement led to an increase in emotional self-efficacy, and high emotional self-efficacy contributed to higher happiness. Regarding strict control, neither mothers’ nor fathers’ parenting had significant direct or indirect effect on happiness. Improvements in forgiveness of self were related to the gender of the parents. On the other hand, improvements in forgiveness of others and situations were related to the type of parenting style. Forgiveness of self was only affected by maternal behaviors. Forgiveness of others was affected by mother and father involvement, while forgiveness of situations was affected by mother and father strict control. However, none of the dimensions of forgiveness had a mediating role in the impact of parenting styles on happiness among college students.

这项研究旨在探讨父母的养育方式（例如，父母的参与，父母和父母的严格控制）对大学生幸福感的影响。该研究还调查了情绪自我效能感和宽恕（即自我，他人和处境的宽恕）在这种关系中的中介作用。共有386名大学生自愿填写了由123个调查项目组成的表格。在研究中进行了路径分析。一些核心发现如下。父母的参与对幸福产生了积极的直接影响。此外，父母双方的参与都通过情感自我效能感间接影响了幸福感。父母参与的增加导致情绪自我效能感的提高，而较高的情绪自我效能感则带来了更高的幸福感。关于严格控制，父母的育儿对幸福的影响都没有显着的直接或间接影响。自我宽恕的提高与父母的性别有关。另一方面，他人的宽恕和处境的改善与育儿方式的类型有关。自我宽恕仅受母亲行为的影响。父母的参与会影响他人的宽恕，而父母的严格控制会影响情况的宽恕。然而，宽恕的维度在父母的养育方式对大学生幸福感的影响中没有中介作用。另一方面，他人的宽恕和处境的改善与育儿方式的类型有关。自我宽恕仅受母亲行为的影响。父母的参与会影响他人的宽恕，而父母的严格控制会影响情况的宽恕。然而，宽恕的维度在父母的养育方式对大学生幸福感的影响中没有中介作用。另一方面，他人的宽恕和处境的改善与育儿方式的类型有关。自我宽恕仅受母亲行为的影响。父母的参与会影响他人的宽恕，而父母的严格控制会影响情况的宽恕。然而，宽恕的维度在父母的养育方式对大学生幸福感的影响中没有中介作用。