In the present study, a numerical simulation method was adopted in order to examine the characteristics of dust dispersion during continuous dust release periods (CRP) and stop dust release periods (SRP). The purpose was to analyze the dust distributions and migration actions around road-header drivers in excavation roadways, and then determine effective dust control measures for underground coal mines. This study’s simulation results showed that the dust concentrations continuously increased, and then gradually reached a stability level during the CRP. During that time, the locations of the drivers were always at the intersection of the original migration dust and the backflow dust, and the drivers were invaded by these two strands dust. However, during the SRP, the dust concentrations gradually decreased under the actions of the roadway ventilation. Besides, obvious backflow phenomena were observed around the road-header during the SRP. The locations of the drivers were still within the backflow paths of the high dust concentrations. At the present time, dust separation and extraction systems have been implemented in coal mines, including vacuuming and air knife devices, which are designed to control the dust around the road-header drivers. The field applications of these systems were conducted in the 26 mechanized excavation faces of the Zhangcun Coal Mine. The results revealed that the use of these dust removal systems could effectively reduce the dust concentrations around the road-header drivers. In the present study, the dust removal rates during the CRP and SRP were determined to reach up to 88.7% and 94.6%, respectively. Therefore, the results of this research study provided effective theoretical guidance of the characteristics of dust distributions in coal mines, and introduced effective control methods for the hazardous dust concentrations around road-header drivers during the excavation process.

在本研究中，采用了一种数值模拟方法来检查连续粉尘释放期（CRP）和停止粉尘释放期（SRP）期间粉尘的扩散特性。目的是分析挖掘巷道中掘进机驾驶员周围的粉尘分布和迁移行为，然后确定地下煤矿的有效粉尘控制措施。这项研究的模拟结果表明，在CRP过程中，粉尘浓度不断增加，然后逐渐达到稳定水平。在此期间，驱动器的位置始终位于原始迁移尘埃与回流尘埃的交点处，并且驱动器被这两股尘埃侵入。但是，在SRP期间，在巷道通风的作用下，粉尘浓度逐渐降低。此外，在SRP期间，在行车头周围观察到明显的回流现象。驱动器的位置仍处于高粉尘浓度的回流路径内。目前，在煤矿中已经实现了灰尘分离和提取系统，包括吸尘和气刀装置，其被设计为控制掘进机驾驶员周围的灰尘。这些系统的现场应用是在张村煤矿的26个机械化采掘工作面中进行的。结果表明，使用这些除尘系统可以有效地降低行车头驾驶员周围的灰尘浓度。在本研究中，CRP和SRP期间的除尘率被确定为达到88。分别为7％和94.6％。因此，本研究结果为煤矿井下粉尘的分布特征提供了有效的理论指导，并为开挖过程中掘进机驾驶员周围的危险粉尘浓度引入了有效的控制方法。