Abstract

The Paris Agreement is the first universal climate change agreement requiring all parties to communicate ambitious greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction targets to achieve a long-term global temperature goal. The Paris Agreement is a game-changer at the international level, but has it been at the national (and sub-national) level? What has been the influence of the Paris Agreement on litigation to improve mitigation of, and adaptation to, climate change? This question is addressed in two articles. Both articles seek to look at a familiar topic—the Paris Agreement and climate litigation—in new and fresh ways. This first article examines how the Paris Agreement is directly implemented through incorporation into the domestic laws of the signatories as well as indirectly implemented through judicial decision-making in accordance with norms under the Paris Agreement. First, the article examines the international obligations created by the Paris Agreement, noting the flexible nature of the agreement and wide margin of discretion left to parties. Secondly, it explores how the Paris Agreement is incorporated in domestic laws and policies. The potential for litigation based on these international and domestic obligations will be considered. Thirdly, it discusses the courts’ application of norms under the Paris Agreement.

中文翻译：

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《巴黎协定》对气候诉讼的影响：法律义务和规范（第一部分）*

摘要

《巴黎协定》是第一项要求所有各方传达雄心勃勃的减少温室气体（GHG）的目标以实现长期全球温度目标的全球气候变化协定。《巴黎协定》是国际上的游戏规则改变者，但它是在国家（和地方以下）级别吗？《巴黎协定》对改善减轻和适应气候变化的诉讼有何影响？此问题在两篇文章中得到了解决。这两篇文章都试图以新颖的方式审视一个熟悉的话题，即《巴黎协定》和气候诉讼。第一篇文章探讨了如何通过纳入签署国的国内法直接实施《巴黎协定》，以及如何根据《巴黎协定》的规范通过司法决策间接实施《巴黎协定》。首先，本文考察了《巴黎协定》所规定的国际义务，指出了该协定的灵活性和留给当事方的广泛酌处权。其次，它探讨了《巴黎协定》如何纳入国内法律和政策。将考虑根据这些国际和国内义务提起诉讼的可能性。第三，它讨论了法院根据《巴黎协定》所适用的规范。注意到协议的灵活性和留给各方的自由裁量权。其次，它探讨了《巴黎协定》如何纳入国内法律和政策。将考虑根据这些国际和国内义务提起诉讼的可能性。第三，它讨论了法院根据《巴黎协定》所适用的规范。注意到协议的灵活性和留给各方的自由裁量权。其次，它探讨了《巴黎协定》如何纳入国内法律和政策。将考虑根据这些国际和国内义务提起诉讼的可能性。第三，它讨论了法院根据《巴黎协定》所适用的规范。