In recent years, the incidence of cardiovascular disease is high due to the aging population and westernization of dietary habits, what encourages researching new methods. Most cardiovascular procedures use the catheter. In the procedure using a catheter, a long time of training is required to lower the procedure risk. So, a medical training simulator is being developed. In the actual procedure, the position of the catheter is confirmed by a C-arm using X-ray, but there is a risk of over exposure to radiation if the X-ray device is used until training. To solve this problem, in previous studies, the position of the catheter was tracked using a permanent magnet. However, the method of permanent magnet has a high error value due to the shape of the external magnetic flux density and the interference of environmental magnetic field. In this paper, an alternating magnetic field generator is proposed for 3D position tracking of medical equipment for training. An electromagnet with an optimal shape was designed through finite element analysis. The designed electromagnet is implemented and tested to confirm the performance. Through the location tracking experiment, an equation to estimate the distance between the electromagnet and the Hall sensor in 3D space was derived by linear regression recursive method. Through the derived equation, it was possible to track the position of the electromagnet at any position in the 3D space. Unlike previous studies using permanent magnets, the proposed alternating magnetic field generator has an isotropic shape with an external magnetic flux density according to the same distance. So, it is possible to reduce errors in position and distance, and minimize the effect of environmental magnetic fields by using an alternating magnetic field.

中文翻译：

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用于培训医疗设备三维位置跟踪的交流磁场发生器

近年来，由于人口老龄化和饮食习惯的西化，心血管疾病的发病率很高，这鼓励研究新的方法。大多数心血管程序使用导管。在使用导管的手术中，需要长时间的训练以降低手术风险。因此，正在开发医学培训模拟器。在实际手术中，导管的位置是通过使用 X 射线的 C 形臂来确认的，但如果在训练之前使用 X 射线设备，则存在过度暴露于辐射的风险。为了解决这个问题，在以往的研究中，使用永磁体来跟踪导管的位置。但是，永磁法由于外部磁通密度的形状和环境磁场的干扰，误差值较高。在本文中，提出了一种交变磁场发生器，用于训练医疗设备的 3D 位置跟踪。通过有限元分析设计了具有最佳形状的电磁铁。设计的电磁铁被实施和测试以确认性能。通过位置跟踪实验，利用线性回归递推法推导出了一个估计电磁铁与霍尔传感器在3D空间中的距离的方程。通过导出的方程，可以跟踪电磁铁在 3D 空间中任意位置的位置。与以前使用永磁体的研究不同，所提出的交变磁场发生器具有各向同性的形状，具有相同距离的外部磁通密度。因此，可以减少位置和距离的误差，