Forest harvesting practices remove tree biomass and the nutrients that they contain. There is uncertainty around the impact of this nutrient removal on the long-term sustainable production of forests over multiple rotations. To explore the impact of harvest management practices on planted forest sustainability, three long-term trials in Pinus radiata D. Don forests were assessed at the end of their second rotation of 26 to 27 years to determine the impact of harvest residue removal and fertiliser additions on sustainable forest productivity. The harvest residue removal treatments were stem only (SO), whole-tree (WT), and whole-tree plus forest floor (FF) removal with and without urea-nitrogen fertiliser additions (cumulative range across three sites 950 – 3200 kg N ha⁻¹) from early rotation out to mid-rotation (last fertiliser application age range across sites 8 – 22 years). The FF removal treatment reduced soil carbon and nitrogen stocks throughout the subsequent rotation, whereas forest floor carbon and nutrient stocks had recovered from the FF removal treatment by the end of the rotation. Forest productivity was reduced at one site with the FF removal treatment, taking 3 years longer for stems to reach 35 cm diameter at breast height than other residue removal treatments. Between WT and SO harvest residue treatments there were very limited impacts on soil carbon and nutrient stocks, no impact on forest floor mass, carbon and nutrient stocks and the sum of the above ground live biomass, carbon and nutrient stocks or tree productivity. Across all harvest removal treatments fertiliser addition increased soil carbon and nitrogen stocks for sites with low initial soil stocks. The increased soil carbon and nitrogen stocks from fertiliser addition were associated with forest productivity gains with the time to reach 35 cm (diameter at breast height) for one site reduced by 3 – 5 years. Fertiliser addition to sites with FF removal was able to mitigate soil carbon and nitrogen stocks only when very large amounts of fertiliser were added (cumulative amounts of 1150 and 3200 kg N ha⁻¹). The end of rotation results from this long-term study demonstrate the importance of harvest residues and forest floor material at low fertility sites for long-term nutrient sustainability in planted forests.

森林采伐实践去除了树木的生物量及其所含的养分。在多次轮作中，这种营养去除对森林长期可持续生产的影响尚不确定。为了探索采伐管理做法对人工林可持续性的影响，在辐射松D上进行了三项长期试验。在第二轮轮伐期26至27年结束时对唐林进行了评估，以确定采伐残留物和添加化肥的影响关于可持续森林生产力。收获残余物去除处理为仅添加茎（SO），整棵树（WT），整棵树加林木（FF），添加和不添加尿素氮肥（三个站点的累积范围为950 – 3200 kg N ha ^-1），从早期轮换到中期轮换（最后一次施肥的年龄范围跨8至22年）。FF去除处理在随后的轮作中减少了土壤碳和氮的储量，而林地碳和养分储量在轮作结束时已从FF去除处理中恢复了。FF去除处理使一个地方的森林生产力降低，与其他残留物去除处理相比，茎在胸高达到35 cm直径要花3年以上的时间。在WT和SO收获残余物处理之间，对土壤碳和养分储量的影响非常有限，对森林地积，碳和养分储量以及地上生物量，碳和养分储量或树木生产力的总和没有影响。在所有收获去除处理中，对于初始土壤储量较低的地点，肥料的添加增加了土壤碳和氮的储量。通过添加肥料增加的土壤碳和氮储量与森林生产力的提高相关联，因为在一个地点达到35厘米（胸高时的直径）的时间减少了3-5年。仅在添加大量肥料（累积量为1150和3200 kg N ha）的情况下，将肥料添加到去除FF的地点才能减轻土壤中的碳和氮储量^-1）。这项长期研究的轮换结果表明，低肥力地点的收获残留物和林地材料对于人工林中长期养分可持续性具有重要意义。