Emergence and re-emergence of several pathogens have been witnessed by this century in the form of outbreaks, epidemics and pandemics. In India, the influencing factor that promotes dissemination of emerging and re-emerging viral infections is the biogeographical zones: a megadiverse country, characterized by varied geographical, climatic conditions and ever-changing socio-economical and geopolitical issues. These influence the movement of humans and animals and add layers of complexity for the identification and timely management of infectious diseases. This review focuses on two tick-borne infections: Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) and Kyasanur forest disease (KFD). In the last two decades, these viruses have emerged and caused outbreaks in different parts of India. KFD virus was initially identified in 1957 and was known to be endemic in Karnataka State while CCHF virus was first identified during 2010 in Gujarat State, India. These viruses have managed to emerge in new areas within the last decade. With changing epidemiology of these arboviruses, there is a probability of the emergence of these viruses from new areas in future. The investigations on these two diseases under the One Health focus involved early detection, quickly developing diagnostic tools, identifying stakeholders, capacity building by developing collaboration with major stakeholders to understand the epidemiology and geographical spread in domestic animal reservoirs and tick vectors in the affected areas, developing laboratory network, providing diagnostic reagents and biosafety and laboratory diagnosis training to the network laboratories to control these diseases.


中文翻译：

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印度医学研究委员会关于tick传播的人畜共患病感染的经验：印度的Kyasanur森林病和克里米亚-刚果出血热着重于健康问题


本世纪已经以爆发，流行和大流行的形式见证了几种病原体的出现和再出现。在印度，促进传播新发和再发病毒感染的因素是生物地理区域：一个生物多样性大的国家，其特点是地理，气候条件各异，社会经济和地缘政治问题不断变化。这些影响人和动物的活动，并增加了识别和及时管理传染病的复杂性。这篇综述的重点是两种tick传播的感染：克里米亚-刚果出血热（CCHF）和Kyasanur森林病（KFD）。在过去的二十年中，这些病毒在印度不同地区出现并引起了暴发。KFD病毒最初于1957年被发现，已知在卡纳塔克邦流行，而CCHF病毒于2010年在印度古吉拉特邦被首次发现。在过去的十年中，这些病毒已成功出现在新领域。随着这些虫媒病毒的流行病学变化，将来有可能在新领域出现这些病毒。在“单一健康”重点下对这两种疾病的调查涉及早期发现，快速开发诊断工具，确定利益相关者，通过与主要利益相关者开展合作以了解家畜水库的流行病学和地理分布以及受灾地区tick虫媒介的能力建设，发展实验室网络，