Microgrid planning philosophies are changing from islanding in the case of abnormal conditions to independent sustainability for constant secure, reliable operation. Large independent operators foresee a shift from gigantic-grid bulk generation and transmission to distributed generation (DG) from smaller, interlinked grid clusters. Customers and the community will benefit, but system operators and utilities will face challenges. Introduced to enhance electricity exchange and the energy market structure in such grids, transactive energy networks favor customers and DG owners, establish a utility business model, and enable power system innovation. Planners are also increasingly interested in blockchains for secure transactions. Blockchain-based transactive energy markets promise flexibility, transparency, security, competition, and superlative low-cost reliability, offering ideal energy-trading solutions in isolated microgrids and distribution-level markets. This article presents the development and case-study validation of a comprehensive transactive energy market framework with linked blockchain and power system layers, a novel market structure based on an end-user marginal price, and an adapted blockchain that fits intrinsic power system requirements. A new slot-ahead electricity market model is established through integration with the modified blockchain. With blockchain operation, monetary funds are managed equitably so that wallet billing rates for customers, utilities, and DG owners match broadcast smart-meter data.

中文翻译：

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使用适应区块链技术的新型能源交易框架


微电网的规划理念正在从异常情况下的孤岛转向独立可持续发展，以实现持续安全、可靠的运行。大型独立运营商预计将从大型电网批量发电和输电转向小型互联电网集群的分布式发电 (DG)。客户和社区将受益，但系统运营商和公用事业公司将面临挑战。交互式能源网络的引入是为了加强此类电网中的电力交换和能源市场结构，有利于客户和分布式电源所有者，建立公用事业商业模式，并实现电力系统创新。规划者对用于安全交易的区块链也越来越感兴趣。基于区块链的交互式能源市场承诺灵活性、透明度、安全性、竞争性和最高的低成本可靠性，为孤立的微电网和配电级市场提供理想的能源交易解决方案。本文介绍了综合交易能源市场框架的开发和案例研究验证，该框架具有链接的区块链和电力系统层、基于最终用户边际价格的新颖市场结构以及适合内在电力系统要求的适应性区块链。通过与修改后的区块链集成，建立了新的提前电力市场模型。通过区块链操作，货币资金得到公平管理，从而使客户、公用事业和 DG 所有者的钱包计费率与广播智能电表数据相匹配。