Nanoparticles are small particles sized 1–100 nm, which have a large surface-to-volume ratio, allowing efficient adsorption of drugs, proteins, and other chemical compounds. Consequently, functionalized nanoparticles have potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications. A variety of nanoparticles have been studied, including those constructed from inorganic materials, biopolymers, and lipids. In this review, we focus on recent work targeting the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 virus that causes coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Understanding the interactions between coronavirus-specific proteins (such as the spike protein and its host cell receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2) with different nanoparticles paves the way to the development of new therapeutics and diagnostics that are urgently needed for the fight against COVID-19, and indeed for related future viral threats that may emerge.

纳米粒子是尺寸为 1–100 nm 的小粒子，具有较大的表面积与体积比，可以有效吸附药物、蛋白质和其他化合物。因此，功能化的纳米粒子具有潜在的诊断和治疗应用。已经研究了多种纳米粒子，包括那些由无机材料、生物聚合物和脂质构成的纳米粒子。在这篇综述中，我们重点关注最近针对导致冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 的严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒 2 病毒的工作。了解冠状病毒特异性蛋白（如刺突蛋白及其宿主细胞受体血管紧张素转换酶 2）与不同纳米粒子之间的相互作用，为开发对抗 COVID-19 迫切需要的新疗法和诊断方法铺平了道路,