Increasingly threatened species and their habitats require multiple successful management actions to ensure persistence. Introduced predator exclusion and suppression programs are key conservation actions used to retain or restore Australian ecosystems. Nevertheless, few direct comparisons are made to ascertain the individual and combined efficacy of multiple introduced predator conservation actions to benefit biodiversity. When colocated, both management actions could generate additive conservation benefits that greatly assist the recovery or persistence of threatened native species. Varanid lizards are key functional components in Australian predator guilds and could benefit, via ecological release, when introduced predator management actions are successful. Here we tested the effects of a colocated predator-exclusion fence and lethal fox baiting on varanid site occupancy in a semiarid protected area. Varanid site occupancy was higher at sites inside (Ψ = 0.90 ± 0.26) compared to sites outside (Ψ = 0.61 ± 0.28) the introduced predator-proof fenced enclosure. There was only weak evidence of increased varanid site occupancy at fox baited sites (Ψ = 0.037 ± 0.024) compared to nonfox baited (Ψ = 0.00) sites. Overall, colocated introduced predator management actions achieved some additive benefits via possible spillover fencing effects for native mesopredator populations. However, most potential benefits to varanid populations outside of the predator-proof fenced enclosure were absent due to unsuccessful lethal-baiting effects on fox populations. The predator-proof fenced enclosure nevertheless provides important habitat refugia for future source populations for reintroduction once adjacent protected areas become suitable.

中文翻译：

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评估综合引入捕食者管理对本地捕食者恢复的好处

日益受到威胁的物种及其栖息地需要采取多种成功的管理措施来确保持久性。引入的捕食者排除和抑制计划是用于保留或恢复澳大利亚生态系统的关键保护行动。然而，很少进行直接比较以确定多种引入的捕食者保护行动对生物多样性有益的个体和综合功效。当共同定位时，两种管理行动都可以产生额外的保护效益，极大地帮助受威胁的本地物种的恢复或持久性。Varanid 蜥蜴是澳大利亚捕食者行会的关键功能成分，当引入的捕食者管理行动成功时，它们可以通过生态释放而受益。在这里，我们测试了在半干旱保护区内并置的捕食者排斥围栏和致命狐狸诱饵对 varanid 场地占用的影响。与引入的防捕食围栏围栏外的站点 (Ψ = 0.61 ± 0.28) 相比，内部站点 (Ψ = 0.90 ± 0.26) 的 Varanid 站点占用率更高。与非狐狸诱饵 (Ψ = 0.00) 站点相比，狐狸诱饵站点 (Ψ = 0.037 ± 0.024) 的 varanid 站点占用率增加的证据很弱。总体而言，共同定位引入的捕食者管理行动通过对本地中掠食者种群可能的溢出围栏效应获得了一些额外的好处。然而，由于对狐狸种群的致命诱饵效果不成功，对防捕食者围栏外的 varanid 种群的大部分潜在好处都不存在。