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Heuristics for setting reorder levels in periodic review inventory systems with an aggregate service constraint
International Journal of Production Economics ( IF 9.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-23 , DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpe.2021.108137
Karel van Donselaar , Rob Broekmeulen , Ton de Kok

Inventory managers are responsible for the trade-off between inventory holding costs and customer service. In this paper we consider a periodic review multi-item inventory system with exogenous lot-sizes and backordering. The objective is to minimise the total inventory holding costs subject to the constraint that the aggregate fill rate should be at least equal to a target level. The aggregate fill rate is a weighted average of the fill rates of all items in the assortment. We consider three ways of defining this aggregate fill rate: using generic weights, weights based on the average demand (volume) or weights based on the average (monetary) turnover. We show that the definition of the aggregate service can have huge effects on the performance of the system. So, inventory managers should be very careful on which definition to apply. We also derive four heuristics to determine the reorder levels for all items. One heuristic is very generic and can be applied to many problems including multi-item multi-echelon inventory systems and systems with a constrained aggregate ready rate. Since multiple assumptions made to derive the heuristics are common assumptions made in the literature, we first test the accuracy of these approximations using simulation. Next, we evaluate the heuristics based on data from a large international reseller. The heuristic based on the most accurate approximation performs best, is close to optimal and very efficient. Savings compared to no service level differentiation are large (up to 28.7%) and depend on the definition of the aggregate service.



中文翻译:

用于在具有聚合服务约束的定期复查库存系统中设置重新订购级别的启发式方法

库存经理负责在库存持有成本和客户服务之间进行权衡。在本文中,我们考虑具有外部批量和补货的定期检查多物料库存系统。目的是在总填充率应至少等于目标水平的约束下,将总的库存持有成本降至最低。总填充率是分类中所有项目的填充率的加权平均值。我们考虑定义总填充率的三种方法:使用通用权重,基于平均需求(数量)的权重或基于平均(货币)营业额的权重。我们证明了聚合服务的定义可以对系统的性能产生巨大的影响。因此,库存经理应该非常谨慎地应用哪个定义。我们还推导了四种启发式方法来确定所有项目的再订购水平。一种启发式方法非常通用,可以应用于许多问题,包括多项目多级库存系统和总准备率受约束的系统。由于为得出启发式方法而做出的多个假设是文献中的常见假设,因此我们首先使用仿真测试这些近似的准确性。接下来,我们根据来自大型国际经销商的数据评估启发式算法。基于最精确的近似的启发式算法表现最佳,接近最优且非常有效。与没有服务级别差异相比,节省量很大(高达28.7%),并且取决于总服务的定义。一种启发式方法非常通用,可以应用于许多问题,包括多项目多级库存系统和总准备率受约束的系统。由于为得出启发式方法而做出的多个假设是文献中的常见假设,因此我们首先使用仿真测试这些近似的准确性。接下来,我们根据来自大型国际经销商的数据评估启发式算法。基于最精确的近似的启发式算法表现最佳,接近最优且非常有效。与没有服务级别差异相比,节省量很大(高达28.7%),并且取决于总服务的定义。一种启发式方法非常通用,可以应用于许多问题,包括多项目多级库存系统和总准备率受约束的系统。由于为得出启发式方法而做出的多个假设是文献中的常见假设,因此我们首先使用仿真测试这些近似的准确性。接下来,我们根据来自大型国际经销商的数据评估启发式算法。基于最准确的近似的启发式方法表现最佳,接近最佳且非常有效。与没有服务级别差异相比,节省量很大(高达28.7%),并且取决于总服务的定义。由于为得出启发式方法而做出的多个假设是文献中的常见假设,因此我们首先使用仿真测试这些近似的准确性。接下来,我们根据来自大型国际经销商的数据评估启发式算法。基于最精确的近似的启发式算法表现最佳,接近最优且非常有效。与没有服务级别差异相比,节省量很大(高达28.7%),并且取决于总服务的定义。由于为得出启发式方法而做出的多个假设是文献中的常见假设,因此我们首先使用仿真测试这些近似的准确性。接下来,我们根据来自大型国际经销商的数据评估启发式算法。基于最精确的近似的启发式算法表现最佳,接近最优且非常有效。与没有服务级别差异相比,节省的金额很大(高达28.7%),并取决于总体服务的定义。

更新日期:2021-04-23
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