This study has two aims. First, it lays out the synchronic patterning of four constructions that express static location in Secoya (Tukanoan). Each construction licenses different semantic verb types: topological verbs, postural verbs, an existential verb, and a copula. Second, this study explores the different construals encoded by these constructions and highlights the ways speakers use them creatively to elaborate on stage-level properties adjacent to location in locative utterances. Data collected from six speakers using visual stimuli reveal that each of the constructions elaborates on specific aspects of locative scenes. Responses for typical/atypical scenes, negative polarity statements, and frequency patterns show that speakers can choose conceptualizations that favor Ground geometry, Figure posture, more complex Figure dispositions, or marked perspectivizations. Similar phenomena are observed in other Amazonian languages. These results raise difficulties in identifying a basic locative construction, suggesting that Secoya may not fit squarely into any type in existing typologies of spatial expression (e.g., Ameka and Levinson 2007). Additionally, the Secoya system raises questions about the relationship between conceptual alternativity and the notion of “basicness” with respect to construal types.

中文翻译：

---

位置诠释：Secoya及其他地区的拓扑，姿势，性状和视角

这项研究有两个目的。首先，它列出了表达在Secoya（Tukanoan）中静态位置的四种构造的同步模式。每个结构都许可使用不同的语义动词类型：拓扑动词，姿势动词，存在动词和系词。其次，本研究探讨了这些构造所编码的不同解释，并强调了说话者创造性地使用它们来阐述与位置发声位置相邻的舞台级属性的方式。使用视觉刺激从六个说话者那里收集的数据表明，每种构造都对定位场景的特定方面进行了详细说明。对于典型/非典型场景，负极性陈述和频率模式的响应表明，演讲者可以选择一些偏向于地面几何，人物姿态，更复杂的人物姿态，或明显的透视。在其他亚马逊语言中也观察到类似现象。这些结果给确定基本的位置结构带来了困难，这表明Secoya可能无法完全适合现有空间表达类型学中的任何类型（例如，Ameka和Levinson，2007年）。另外，Secoya系统提出了关于概念交替性和关于建构类型的“基本性”概念之间关系的问题。