The expansion of the novel coronavirus known as SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2), COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019), or 2019-nCoV (2019 novel coronavirus) is a global concern over its pandemic potential. The need for therapeutic alternatives to stop this new pandemic is urgent. Nowadays, no efficacious therapy is available, and vaccines and drugs are underdeveloped to cure or prevent SARS-CoV-2 infections in many countries. Some vaccines candidates have been approved; however, a number of people are still skeptical of this coronavirus vaccines. Probably because of issues related to the quantity of the vaccine and a possible long-term side effects which are still being studied. The previous pandemics of infections caused by coronavirus, such as SARS-CoV in 2003, the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in 2012, HCoV-229E, and HCoV-OC43 were described in the 1960 s, -HCoV-NL63 isolated in 2004, and HCoV-HKU1identified in 2005 prompted researchers to characterize many compounds against these viruses. Most of them could be potentially active against the currently emerging novel coronavirus. Five membered nitrogen heterocycles with a triazole, imidazole, and thiazole moiety are often found in many bioactive molecules such as coronavirus inhibitors. This present work summarizes to review the biological and structural studies of these compound types as coronavirus inhibitors.

被称为 SARS-CoV-2（严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2）、COVID-19（2019 年冠状病毒病）或 2019-nCoV（2019 年新型冠状病毒）的新型冠状病毒的扩展是全球对其大流行潜力的担忧。迫切需要寻找治疗替代品来阻止这种新的流行病。如今，没有有效的治疗方法，许多国家的疫苗和药物还不足以治愈或预防 SARS-CoV-2 感染。一些候选疫苗已获批准；然而，一些人仍然对这种冠状病毒疫苗持怀疑态度。可能是因为与疫苗数量有关的问题以及可能的长期副作用仍在研究中。以前由冠状病毒引起的感染大流行，例如 2003 年的 SARS-CoV，2012 年中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒 (MERS-CoV)、HCoV-229E 和 HCoV-OC43 于 1960 年代被描述，-HCoV-NL63 于 2004 年分离，HCoV-HKU1 于 2005 年发现，促使研究人员对许多化合物进行了表征这些病毒。它们中的大多数可能对目前正在出现的新型冠状病毒具有潜在的活性。具有三唑、咪唑和噻唑部分的五元氮杂环通常存在于许多生物活性分子中，例如冠状病毒抑制剂。本工作总结回顾了这些化合物类型作为冠状病毒抑制剂的生物学和结构研究。它们中的大多数可能对目前正在出现的新型冠状病毒具有潜在的活性。具有三唑、咪唑和噻唑部分的五元氮杂环通常存在于许多生物活性分子中，例如冠状病毒抑制剂。本工作总结回顾了这些化合物类型作为冠状病毒抑制剂的生物学和结构研究。它们中的大多数可能对目前正在出现的新型冠状病毒具有潜在的活性。具有三唑、咪唑和噻唑部分的五元氮杂环通常存在于许多生物活性分子中，例如冠状病毒抑制剂。本工作总结回顾了这些化合物类型作为冠状病毒抑制剂的生物学和结构研究。