In this study, poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/pistachio shell (PS) biocomposites were fabricated by melt functionalization through a one-step compatibilization process in varying PS filler rates (0–30%). To enhance interfacial adhesion, alkaline-silane pre-treatment was applied to PS, and PLA was grafted with maleic anhydride (MA). The effect of filler ratio, pre-treatment, and maleation steps on the mechanical, thermal, and morphological properties of biocomposites was investigated. The tensile and flexural analysis showed that composites with optimum mechanical properties were obtained by blending 20% of pre-treated PS with maleated PLA. Mechanic and thermal analyses were performed to examine fiber/matrix surface compatibility. The mechanical analysis of biocomposites, such as tensile/flexural strength and modulus were determined with a universal testing machine. Thermal analysis and thermal degradation of biocomposites were determined by using Differential Scanning Calorimetry and TG/DTG. Morphological analysis performed by SEM proved that the composites prepared by maleated PLA and pre-treated PS showed better adhesion between the fiber and the matrix.

在这项研究中，聚乳酸（PLA）/开心果壳（PS）生物复合材料是通过熔融功能化通过一步相容性工艺在不同的PS填充率（0-30％）下制备的。为了增强界面粘合性，将碱性硅烷预处理应用于PS，然后将PLA与马来酸酐（MA）接枝。研究了填料比例，预处理和马来酸化步骤对生物复合材料的机械，热学和形态学性质的影响。拉伸和弯曲分析表明，通过将20％的预处理PS与马来酸化PLA掺混可获得具有最佳机械性能的复合材料。进行了机械和热分析，以检查纤维/基质表面的相容性。生物复合材料的力学分析，例如拉伸/弯曲强度和模量是用通用测试机测定的。使用差示扫描量热法和TG / DTG测定生物复合材料的热分析和热降解。SEM进行的形态分析表明，马来酸化的PLA和预处理的PS制备的复合材料表现出更好的纤维与基体之间的附着力。