Researchers hypothesize that how people react to daily stressful events partly explains the relationship between personality and health, yet no study has examined longitudinal associations between these factors. The current study focused on the role of negative affect reactivity to daily stressful events as a mediating pathway between personality and physical health outcomes using three waves of data spanning 20 years from a nationwide probability sample of 1,176 adults. Results indicated that negative affect reactivity partially mediated personality and physical health. Wave 1 neuroticism was associated with greater negative affect reactivity at Wave 2, which predicted the development of chronic conditions and functional limitations at Wave 3. Higher conscientiousness at Wave 1 was associated with less negative affect reactivity at Wave 2, which predicted better physical health at Wave 3. These findings highlight the usefulness of using a daily-stress framework for understanding how personality impacts health over time, which has important implications for stress management and disease prevention.

研究人员假设人们对日常压力事件的反应部分解释了人格与健康之间的关系，但没有研究检查这些因素之间的纵向关联。目前的研究使用来自 1,176 名成年人的全国概率样本中跨越 20 年的三波数据，重点关注对日常压力事件的负面影响反应作为人格和身体健康结果之间的中介途径的作用。结果表明，负面影响反应性部分介导了人格和身体健康。第 1 波神经质与第 2 波更大的负面情绪反应有关，这预示着第 3 波的慢性病和功能限制的发展。第 1 波更高的责任心与第 2 波的更少负面情绪反应有关，