Air pollution and particulate matter (PM) are significant factors for adverse health effects most prominently cardiovascular disease (CVD). PM is produced from various sources, which include both natural and anthropogenic. It is composed of biological components, organic compounds, minerals, and metals, which are responsible for inducing inflammation and adverse health effects. However, the adverse effects are related to PM size distribution. Finer particles are a significant cause of cardiovascular events. This review discusses the direct and indirect mechanisms of PM-induced CVD like myocardial infarction, the elevation of blood pressure, cardiac arrhythmias, atherosclerosis, and thrombosis. The two potential mechanisms are oxidative stress and systemic inflammation. Prenatal exposure has also been linked with cardiovascular outcomes later in life. Moreover, we also mentioned the epidemiological studies that strongly associate PM with CVD.

空气污染和颗粒物 (PM) 是不利健康影响的重要因素，尤其是心血管疾病 (CVD)。PM 由各种来源产生，包括自然和人为。它由生物成分、有机化合物、矿物质和金属组成，它们负责诱发炎症和对健康的不利影响。然而，不利影响与 PM 尺寸分布有关。更细的颗粒是心血管事件的重要原因。这篇综述讨论了 PM 诱发的心血管疾病的直接和间接机制，如心肌梗塞、血压升高、心律失常、动脉粥样硬化和血栓形成。两种潜在的机制是氧化应激和全身炎症。产前暴露也与生命后期的心血管结局有关。此外，我们还提到了将 PM 与 CVD 密切相关的流行病学研究。