Secondary Ionisation Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) U-Th-Pb dating of cassiterite with very low to sub-ppm U contents, zircon and monazite has provided direct measurements of the ages of Mesoproterozoic–Neoproterozoic pegmatite and quartz vein Sn mineralisation in the Karagwe–Ankole Belt (KAB), Rwanda, and through dates on local igneous rocks, helped to place the mineralisation in a tectonic context. Three generations of Sn mineralisation have been identified, each associated with magmatic and metamorphic processes during different periods of Rodinian and Gondwanan assembly. The first generation of mineralisation occurred in pegmatite at ca. 1145 Ma. The second generation, the main episode of Sn mineralisation, occurred from ca. 1090 to 960 Ma in quartz veins and intra-pegmatitic greisen. It started during the period ca. 1090–1040 Ma with fault-controlled Sn mineralisation in quartz veins hosted in quartzite and intra-pegmatitic greisen. This was mainly associated with the ca. 1078 Ma D₂ orogenic event in the KAB during the final amalgamation of Rodinia. Peak Sn mineralisation occurred during the period ca. 1040–960 Ma in quartz veins hosted in mica schists related to shear zones. It was associated with G₄ S-type granitic magmatism, with zircon U-Pb and monazite Th-Pb ages between 1011 ± 18 and 976 ± 11 Ma, possibly related to a late/-post-collisional setting linked to the amalgamation of Rodinia. The third and distinct generation of Sn mineralisation occurred at ca. 530 Ma in quartz veins hosted in mica schists within a shear zone located close to reworked basement rocks with meridional foliation. This Sn generation is attributed to hydrothermal fluids, possibly induced by a post-tectonic event associated with the emplacement of G₅ S-type granite at 614 ± 9 Ma, during the Pan-African orogeny. Recognition of the nebulous Sn-mineralised, cross-structural, Satinsyi-Rutongo Fault Zone, and the links established between the mode of Sn mineralisation, its local geological setting, igneous activity and regional tectonism, will help in targeting exploration for ore-grade Sn deposits in Rwanda and nearby countries.

二次电离质谱（SIMS）锡石的U-Th-Pb年代测定，U含量非常低至亚ppm，锆石和独居石可以直接测量中古生代-新古生代伟晶岩和石英脉的年龄，Karagwe-Ankole中的锡矿化卢旺达的贝尔特（KAB）以及整个当地火成岩上的枣子，有助于将矿化置于构造背景下。已经确定了三代锡矿化，每一代都与罗迪尼和冈瓦南组装的不同时期的岩浆和变质作用有关。第一代矿化发生在约3 ℃的伟晶岩中。1145马。第二代，锡矿化的主要时期，发生在大约公元前。石英脉和岩浆内的格氏油在1090至960 Ma之间。它始于约ca时期。1090–1040 Ma具有断层控制的锡矿化作用，石英矿脉存在于石英岩和岩溶内的格里森岩中。这主要与ca有关。在Rodinia的最终合并过程中，KAB中发生了1078 Ma D ₂造山事件。大约在此期间出现了峰值锡矿化。云母片岩中与剪切带有关的石英脉中的1040–960 Ma。它与G _4有关S型花岗岩岩浆作用，锆石U-Pb和独居石Th-Pb年龄在1011±18至976±11 Ma之间，可能与后期碰撞后环境有关，与罗迪尼亚的合并有关。锡矿化的第三和不同世代发生在大约。530 Ma的石英脉位于云母片岩中的剪切带中，该剪切带靠近经重造的子午叶层，位于经过重做的基底岩石附近。锡的产生归因于热液，可能是由与G ₅沉积有关的构造后事件引起的。在泛非造山过程中，S型花岗岩位于614±9 Ma。对Satinsyi-Rutongo断裂的含锡矿化，跨结构雾状断层的认识，以及Sn矿化方式，其本地地质环境，火成活动和区域构造之间建立的联系，将有助于针对矿石级Sn进行勘探在卢旺达和附近国家/地区的存款。