In this study, we investigate the flow of money among bank accounts possessed by firms in a region by employing an exhaustive list of all the bank transfers in a regional bank in Japan, to clarify how the network of money flow is related to the economic activities of the firms. The network statistics and structures are examined and shown to be similar to those of a nationwide production network. Specifically, the bowtie analysis indicates what we refer to as a “walnut” structure with core and upstream/downstream components. To quantify the location of an individual account in the network, we used the Hodge decomposition method and found that the Hodge potential of the account has a significant correlation to its position in the bowtie structure as well as to its net flow of incoming and outgoing money and links, namely the net demand/supply of individual accounts. In addition, we used non-negative matrix factorization to identify important factors underlying the entire flow of money; it can be interpreted that these factors are associated with regional economic activities. One factor has a feature whereby the remittance source is localized to the largest city in the region, while the destination is scattered. The other factors correspond to the economic activities specific to different local places. This study serves as a basis for further investigation on the relationship between money flow and economic activities of firms.

在这项研究中，我们通过使用日本区域性银行的所有银行转账的详尽清单，调查了区域中公司所拥有的银行账户中的货币流动，以阐明货币流动网络与经济活动之间的关系。的公司。网络统计数据和结构经过检查，显示与全国生产网络的统计数据和结构相似。具体来说，领结分析表明我们所谓的“核桃”结构，具有核心和上游/下游组成部分。为了量化单个帐户在网络中的位置，我们使用了Hodge分解方法，发现该帐户的Hodge潜力与其在领结结构中的位置以及其进出资金的净流量有显着相关性和链接，即个人账户的净需求/供应量。此外，我们使用非负矩阵分解来确定构成整个资金流的重要因素。可以解释为这些因素与区域经济活动有关。一个因素是汇款来源被本地化为该地区最大的城市，而目的地却分散了。其他因素对应于特定于不同地方的经济活动。该研究为进一步研究企业资金流向与经济活动之间的关系提供了基础。一个因素是汇款来源被本地化为该地区最大的城市，而目的地却分散了。其他因素对应于特定于不同地方的经济活动。该研究为进一步研究企业资金流向与经济活动之间的关系提供了基础。一个因素是汇款来源被本地化为该地区最大的城市，而目的地却分散了。其他因素对应于特定于不同地方的经济活动。该研究为进一步研究企业资金流向与经济活动之间的关系提供了基础。