ABSTRACT

In 2018, Brazil announced the designation of two new Large Scale Marine Protected Areas (LSMPAs), resulting in an increase in protection from 1.5% to 26.36% of the country’s maritime territory. We employ an agenda-setting theory to analyze the Brazilian LSMPAs as a causal case study, unpacking the factors that led to their creation, and providing insights about the process of reaching global targets. Drawing on a detailed literature analysis and interviews with key stakeholders, we argue that reaching an international goal is a political commitment which emerges within a ‘policy window.’ Additionally, we offer seven lessons that can improve the chances of reaching an international goal and shifting the agenda: (1) attract media attention; (2) make a formal commitment; (3) launch a movement or a campaign to attain the goal; (4) make the goals legally binding; (5) propose general international goals; (6) diffuse ideas and (7) form support groups.

摘要

2018 年，巴西宣布指定两个新的大型海洋保护区 (LSMPA)，使该国海洋领土的保护面积从 1.5% 增加到 26.36%。我们采用议程设置理论来分析巴西 LSMPA 作为因果案例研究，解开导致其创建的因素，并提供有关实现全球目标的过程的见解。通过详细的文献分析和对主要利益相关者的采访，我们认为实现国际目标是一种政治承诺，它出现在“政策窗口”中。此外，我们提供了七项经验教训，可以提高实现国际目标和改变议程的机会：（1）吸引媒体关注；（二）作出正式承诺；(3) 发起运动或运动以达到目标；(4) 使目标具有法律约束力；（五）提出总体国际目标；(6) 传播想法和 (7) 形成支持小组。