Quantification of biogeomorphic interactions between small-scale sediment transport and primary vegetation succession on proglacial slopes of the Gepatschferner, Austria,Earth Surface Processes and Landforms

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Quantification of biogeomorphic interactions between small-scale sediment transport and primary vegetation succession on proglacial slopes of the Gepatschferner, Austria
Earth Surface Processes and Landforms ( IF 2.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-20 , DOI: 10.1002/esp.5136
Stefan Haselberger ₁ , Lisa‐Maria Ohler _{2,

3} , Robert R. Junker _{3,

4} , Jan‐Christoph Otto ₂ , Thomas Glade ₁ , Sabine Kraushaar ₁

Affiliation

Proglacial slopes provide suitable conditions for observing the co-development of abiotic and biotic systems. The frequency and magnitude of geomorphic processes and plant composition govern this interplay, which is described in the model of biogeomorphic succession. In high mountain environments, this model has only been tested in a limited number of studies. The study aimed to quantify small-scale sediment transport via erosion plots along a plant cover gradient and to investigate the influence of sediment transport on plant communities. We aimed to generate quantitative data to test existing biogeomorphic models. Small-scale biogeomorphic interactions were investigated on 30 test plots of 2 × 3 m size on proglacial slopes of the Gepatschferner (Kaunertal) in the Austrian Alps during the snow-free summer months over three consecutive years. The experimental plots were established on slopes along a plant cover gradient. A detailed vegetation survey was carried out to capture biotic conditions, and specific sediment yield was measured at each plot. Species abundance and composition at each site reflected successional stages. Additional environmental parameters, such as terrain age, geomorphometry, grain size distribution, soil nutrients, and precipitation, were also included in the analyses. We observed two pronounced declines in geomorphic activity on plots with both above 30% and above 75% plant cover. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling showed distinct clusters of vegetation composition that mainly followed a successional gradient. Sites that were affected by high-magnitude geomorphic events showed different environmental conditions and species communities. Quantified process rates and observed species composition support the concept of biogeomorphic succession. The findings help to narrow down a biogeomorphic feedback window.

中文翻译：

奥地利 Gepatschferner 冰前斜坡上小尺度沉积物输送与原生植被演替之间的生物地貌相互作用的量化

冰川前斜坡为观察非生物和生物系统的共同发展提供了合适的条件。地貌过程和植物组成的频率和幅度决定了这种相互作用，这在生物地貌演替模型中进行了描述。在高山环境中，该模型仅在有限数量的研究中进行了测试。该研究旨在通过沿植物覆盖梯度的侵蚀地块来量化小规模泥沙输送，并调查泥沙输送对植物群落的影响。我们旨在生成定量数据来测试现有的生物地貌模型。在连续三年无雪的夏季，在奥地利阿尔卑斯山 Gepatschferner (Kaunertal) 冰川前斜坡上的 30 个 2 × 3 m 大小的试验地块上研究了小规模的生物地貌相互作用。沿着植物覆盖梯度在斜坡上建立实验小区。进行了详细的植被调查以捕获生物条件，并在每个地块测量特定的沉积物产量。每个站点的物种丰度和组成反映了演替阶段。分析中还包括其他环境参数，例如地形年龄、地貌测量、粒度分布、土壤养分和降水。我们观察到，在植物覆盖度超过 30% 和超过 75% 的地块上，地貌活动有两次明显下降。非度量多维标度显示了主要遵循连续梯度的不同植被组成簇。受高强度地貌事件影响的地点显示出不同的环境条件和物种群落。量化的过程速率和观察到的物种组成支持生物地貌演替的概念。这些发现有助于缩小生物地貌反馈窗口。

更新日期：2021-04-20

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