Landscape archaeology is a relatively young subdiscipline that has grown in a multitude of directions, particularly in recent decades. It is strongly multidisciplinary and has borrowed tools from an array of fields, including the archaeological sciences, geology, geography, palaeoecology and geochronology; many landscape archaeologists have backgrounds beyond traditional archaeology sensu stricto. Landscape archaeology has become an important facet of most archaeological excavations and has shifted the focus of archaeological interpretation well beyond existing paradigms. In this paper, we report on a landscape reinterpretation of a single archaeological site in New Zealand. Waitore comprises an assemblage of artefacts, including wooden pieces (e.g., broken canoe fragments), oven stones, stone sinkers and fish bones but is not associated with an occupation site. The assemblage was originally studied in the 1970s—at a time when there was little understanding of tectonic processes in the region—and attributed to permanent ritual interment or temporary burial based largely on ethnographic analogies with contemporary Māori practices. By bringing together the physical and cultural components of landscape archaeology, we reinterpret these artefacts as being the scattered remnants of a reworked occupation site, possibly associated with a tsunami inundation dating to around the 15th century. We conclude that re-examination of past archaeological work is as relevant now as undertaking new research. We also insist upon the importance of multidisciplinary dialogue, particularly between the social and physical sciences, in helping to move beyond current paradigms.

中文翻译：

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景观考古学——背景对考古学解释的价值：新西兰怀托雷的案例研究

景观考古学是一个相对年轻的分支学科，已经在多个方向发展，特别是在最近几十年。它具有很强的多学科性，并借鉴了一系列领域的工具，包括考古科学、地质学、地理学、古生态学和地质年代学；许多景观考古学家的背景超出了传统考古学的严格意义。景观考古学已成为大多数考古发掘的一个重要方面，并将考古学解释的重点转移到远远超出现有范式的范围。在本文中，我们报告了对新西兰单个考古遗址的景观重新诠释。Waitore 由一系列人工制品组成，包括木件（例如，破碎的独木舟碎片）、炉石、石锤和鱼骨，但与占领地点无关。该组合最初是在 1970 年代进行研究的——当时对该地区的构造过程知之甚少——并归因于永久性仪式安葬或临时埋葬，主要基于与当代毛利人的人种学类比。通过将景观考古学的物理和文化成分结合在一起，我们将这些人工制品重新解释为经过改造的占领遗址的零散遗迹，可能与可追溯到 15 世纪左右的海啸洪水有关。我们得出的结论是，重新审视过去的考古工作与开展新研究一样重要。我们还坚持多学科对话的重要性，特别是社会科学和自然科学之间的对话，